महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-21

अवतीर्य रथात्तूर्णं कृत्वा शौचं यथाविधि ।
रथमोचनमादिश्य संध्यामुपविवेश ह ॥२१॥

21. avatīrya rathāttūrṇaṁ kṛtvā śaucaṁ yathāvidhi ,
rathamocanamādiśya saṁdhyāmupaviveśa ha.

21. avatīrya rathāt tūrṇam kṛtvā śaucam yathāvidhi
rathamocanam ādiśya sandhyām upaviveśa ha

21. He quickly descended from the chariot, performed purification according to the proper rites, and after ordering the unharnessing of the chariot, he indeed sat down for his evening worship (sandhyā).

Words meanings summery:

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having descended (having descended, having alighted)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having performed)

• शौचम् (śaucam) - purification (purification, purity, ablution)

• यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the proper rites (according to rule, properly, methodically)

• रथमोचनम् (rathamocanam) - the unharnessing of the chariot

• आदिश्य (ādiśya) - having ordered (having ordered, having commanded, having indicated)

• सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - his evening worship (sandhyā) (twilight, evening prayer/worship (sandhyā))

• उपविवेश (upaviveśa) - he sat down (for) (he sat down)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly, an expletive particle)

Words meanings and morphology

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having descended (having descended, having alighted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √tṛ (to cross, pass) with upasarga ava-. Formed with suffix -ya.

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From root √tvar (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Accusative neuter singular functioning as an adverb.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having performed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शौचम् (śaucam) - purification (purification, purity, ablution)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness, purification, ablution

From śuci (pure).

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the proper rites (according to rule, properly, methodically)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound: yathā (as, according to) + vidhi (rule, precept).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, precept, injunction, rite
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverb modifying 'kṛtvā'.

रथमोचनम् (rathamocanam) - the unharnessing of the chariot

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathamocana

rathamocana - unharnessing of a chariot, releasing of a chariot

Tatpurusha compound: ratha (chariot) + mocana (releasing, unharnessing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+mocana)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• mocana – releasing, unharnessing, loosening
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun / Action noun
  From root √muc (to release, loosen).
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Object of 'ādiśya'.

आदिश्य (ādiśya) - having ordered (having ordered, having commanded, having indicated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √diś (to point out, show) with upasarga ā-. Formed with suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - his evening worship (sandhyā) (twilight, evening prayer/worship (sandhyā))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - twilight (morning, noon, evening); junction of day and night; period for religious observances (sandhyā).

From sam-√dhā (to join, put together).

Note: Object of the implied action of sitting for.

उपविवेश (upaviveśa) - he sat down (for) (he sat down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of upaviś

Perfect tense

From root √viś (to enter) with upasarga upa-. Perfect tense 3rd person singular.

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly, an expletive particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.