महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-15

स शालिभवनं रम्यं सर्वसस्यसमाचितम् ।
सुखं परमधर्मिष्ठमत्यगाद्भरतर्षभ ॥१५॥

15. sa śālibhavanaṁ ramyaṁ sarvasasyasamācitam ,
sukhaṁ paramadharmiṣṭhamatyagādbharatarṣabha.

15. sa śālibhavanam ramyam sarvasasyasamācitam
sukham paramadharmiṣṭham atyagāt bharatarṣabha

15. O best of Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), he traversed the charming rice fields (or estate with rice granaries), which were filled with all kinds of crops, a place most conducive to natural law (dharma) and happiness (sukham).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that (person)

• शालिभवनम् (śālibhavanam) - Refers to a flourishing area abundant with rice crops. (rice fields, rice estate, granaries for rice)

• रम्यम् (ramyam) - charming, delightful, beautiful, pleasant

• सर्वसस्यसमाचितम् (sarvasasyasamācitam) - filled with all crops

• सुखम् (sukham) - A place characterized by happiness. (happiness, pleasure, pleasant, happily)

• परमधर्मिष्ठम् (paramadharmiṣṭham) - A place most prosperous due to adherence to natural law (dharma). (most righteous, most virtuous, most conducive to natural law (dharma))

• अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - passed over, traversed, surpassed

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas!, O bull among Bharatas!

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the verb 'atyagāt'.

शालिभवनम् (śālibhavanam) - Refers to a flourishing area abundant with rice crops. (rice fields, rice estate, granaries for rice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śālibhavana

śālibhavana - a rice field, a granary for rice, a rice estate or dwelling

Compound of śāli (rice) and bhavana (house, dwelling, field).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śāli+bhavana)

• śāli – rice (especially high quality), paddy
  noun (masculine)
• bhavana – house, dwelling, abode, field, place of origin
  noun (neuter)
  From the root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'atyagāt'.

रम्यम् (ramyam) - charming, delightful, beautiful, pleasant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ramya

ramya - charming, beautiful, delightful, pleasant

Gerundive (future passive participle)

From the root ram (to delight).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śālibhavanam'.

सर्वसस्यसमाचितम् (sarvasasyasamācitam) - filled with all crops

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarvasasyasamācita

sarvasasyasamācita - filled or covered with all kinds of crops

Tatpurusha compound: sarvasasya (all crops) + samācita (filled, covered).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarvasasya+samācita)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• sasya – crop, grain, produce
  noun (neuter)
• samācita – filled, covered, accumulated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root ci (to collect, pile up) with prefixes sam and ā.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'śālibhavanam'.

सुखम् (sukham) - A place characterized by happiness. (happiness, pleasure, pleasant, happily)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, pleasant, comfortable

Note: Appositive or adjective for 'śālibhavanam'.

परमधर्मिष्ठम् (paramadharmiṣṭham) - A place most prosperous due to adherence to natural law (dharma). (most righteous, most virtuous, most conducive to natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paramadharmiṣṭha

paramadharmiṣṭha - most righteous, most virtuous, most conducive to natural law (dharma)

Compound of parama (supreme) and dharmiṣṭha (most righteous, superlative of dharmika).

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+dharmiṣṭha)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent
  adjective
• dharmiṣṭha – most righteous, most virtuous, most observant of (dharma)
  adjective (neuter)
  Superlative of dharmika (righteous), derived from (dharma) with the iṣṭha suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'śālibhavanam'.

अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - passed over, traversed, surpassed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Aorist (past) (Luṅ) of gam

Aorist Active

Aorist form of the root gam (Class 1P) with the prefix ati. 3rd person singular. The 'a' augmentation (a-tyagāt) is characteristic of aorist/imperfect.

Prefix: ati

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas!, O bull among Bharatas!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas (an epithet for a prominent descendant of King Bharata)

Tatpurusha compound: bharata (descendant of Bharata) + ṛṣabha (bull, best, chief). Used as a vocative epithet.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (name of a king), an ancient tribe or dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener.