महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-192, verse-8

आर्तिं च परमां राजा जगाम सह भार्यया ।
दशार्णपतिना सार्धं विरोधे भरतर्षभ ॥८॥

8. ārtiṁ ca paramāṁ rājā jagāma saha bhāryayā ,
daśārṇapatinā sārdhaṁ virodhe bharatarṣabha.

8. ārtim ca paramām rājā jagāma saha bhāryayā
daśārṇapatinā sārdham virodhe bharatarṣabha

8. bharatarṣabha rājā bhāryayā saha daśārṇapatinā
sārdham virodhe ca paramām ārtim jagāma

8. O best of Bharatas, the king, accompanied by his wife, experienced extreme distress because of the conflict with the lord of Daśārṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress, pain, suffering, affliction

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• परमाम् (paramām) - greatest, highest, supreme, extreme

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, attained, reached, experienced

• सह (saha) - with, together with, accompanied by

• भार्यया (bhāryayā) - by the wife, with the wife

• दशार्णपतिना (daśārṇapatinā) - by the lord of Daśārṇa, with the lord of Daśārṇa

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with

• विरोधे (virodhe) - in opposition, in conflict, in hostility

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O foremost among Bharatas

Words meanings and morphology

आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress, pain, suffering, affliction

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ārti

ārti - distress, pain, suffering, affliction

From √ṛ (to suffer, go) + ktin (f.)

Root: ṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

परमाम् (paramām) - greatest, highest, supreme, extreme

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - greatest, highest, supreme, extreme, principal

Superlative of pra or derived from para

Note: Agrees with ārtim.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

जगाम (jagāma) - went, attained, reached, experienced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √gam

Root: gam (class 1)

सह (saha) - with, together with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

भार्यया (bhāryayā) - by the wife, with the wife

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, she who is to be supported/nourished

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From √bhṛ (to bear, support) + ṇya (f.)

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

दशार्णपतिना (daśārṇapatinā) - by the lord of Daśārṇa, with the lord of Daśārṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of daśārṇapati

daśārṇapati - lord of Daśārṇa (a country/region)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśārṇa+pati)

• daśārṇa – name of a country/region
  proper noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by 'sārdham'.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with

(indeclinable)

विरोधे (virodhe) - in opposition, in conflict, in hostility

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of virodha

virodha - opposition, conflict, hostility, contention

From vi-√rudh (to obstruct)

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Indicates the cause/circumstance.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O foremost among Bharatas

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas (epithet for a great warrior/king in the Bharata lineage)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king, name of a people
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)