महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-192, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
ततः शिखण्डिनो माता यथातत्त्वं नराधिप ।
आचचक्षे महाबाहो भर्त्रे कन्यां शिखण्डिनीम् ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tataḥ śikhaṇḍino mātā yathātattvaṁ narādhipa ,
ācacakṣe mahābāho bhartre kanyāṁ śikhaṇḍinīm.

1. bhīṣma uvāca tataḥ śikhaṇḍinaḥ mātā yathātattvaṃ
narādhipa ācacarkṣe mahābāho bhartre kanyāṃ śikhaṇḍinīm

1. bhīṣma uvāca.
narādhipa mahābāho,
tataḥ śikhaṇḍinaḥ mātā bhartre kanyāṃ śikhaṇḍinīṃ yathātattvam ācacarkṣe.

1. Bhishma said: "Thereupon, O King, O mighty-armed one, Shikhandi's mother truthfully explained to her husband that Shikhandini was a girl."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

• शिखण्डिनः (śikhaṇḍinaḥ) - of Shikhandi

• माता (mātā) - Shikhandi's mother (mother)

• यथातत्त्वं (yathātattvaṁ) - truthfully, as it truly was, according to the truth

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O King Dhritarashtra (the audience of Bhishma's narration) (O king, O lord of men)

• आचचर्क्षे (ācacarkṣe) - narrated, explained, told

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed Dhritarashtra (the audience of Bhishma's narration) (O mighty-armed one)

• भर्त्रे (bhartre) - to her husband (King Drupada) (to her husband, to the supporter/master)

• कन्यां (kanyāṁ) - daughter, girl, maiden

• शिखण्डिनीम् (śikhaṇḍinīm) - Shikhandini

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: The speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

(indeclinable)

शिखण्डिनः (śikhaṇḍinaḥ) - of Shikhandi

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandi (proper name)

माता (mātā) - Shikhandi's mother (mother)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

यथातत्त्वं (yathātattvaṁ) - truthfully, as it truly was, according to the truth

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as, according to) and tattva (truth, reality)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (yathā+tattva)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular used adverbially.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O King Dhritarashtra (the audience of Bhishma's narration) (O king, O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

आचचर्क्षे (ācacarkṣe) - narrated, explained, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of ācakṣ

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, Middle voice

Prefix ā + root cakṣ (to see, perceive, tell)

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Perfect middle forms for cakṣ are often glossed with active meanings.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed Dhritarashtra (the audience of Bhishma's narration) (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

भर्त्रे (bhartre) - to her husband (King Drupada) (to her husband, to the supporter/master)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, master

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

कन्यां (kanyāṁ) - daughter, girl, maiden

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - daughter, girl, maiden

Note: Object of 'ācacarkṣe'.

शिखण्डिनीम् (śikhaṇḍinīm) - Shikhandini

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śikhaṇḍinī

śikhaṇḍinī - Shikhandini (proper name, feminine form of Shikhandin)

Note: Refers to the true identity of Shikhandi as a female.