महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-135, verse-1

कुन्त्युवाच ।
अर्जुनं केशव ब्रूयास्त्वयि जाते स्म सूतके ।
उपोपविष्टा नारीभिराश्रमे परिवारिता ॥१॥

1. kuntyuvāca ,
arjunaṁ keśava brūyāstvayi jāte sma sūtake ,
upopaviṣṭā nārībhirāśrame parivāritā.

1. kuntī uvāca | arjunam keśava brūyāḥ tvayi jāte
sma sūtake | upopaviṣṭā nārībhiḥ āśrame parivāritā

1. kuntī uvāca keśava,
tvayi jāte sūtake,
āśrame nārībhiḥ upopaviṣṭā parivāritā (aham iti) arjunam brūyāḥ

1. Kunti said: "O Keśava, you should tell Arjuna: 'When you were born, I was in a state of ritual impurity (sūtaka), sitting in the hermitage (āśrama), surrounded by women.'"

Words meanings summery:

• कुन्ती (kuntī) - Kunti, the mother of the Pāṇḍavas (Kunti (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

• केशव (keśava) - O Keśava, O Krishna

• ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should say, you should tell

• त्वयि (tvayi) - Referring to Arjuna in the statement Kunti wants Krishna to relay (in you, to you, concerning you)

• जाते (jāte) - When Arjuna was born (when born, having been born)

• स्म (sma) - Used here as a narrative particle, emphasizing the past event. (indeed, certainly)

• सूतके (sūtake) - In the ritual impurity (sūtaka) period after childbirth (in impurity, in childbed, in confinement)

• उपोपविष्टा (upopaviṣṭā) - Kunti sitting near during the birth (sitting near, having sat near)

• नारीभिः (nārībhiḥ) - by women

• आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage, in the retreat

• परिवारिता (parivāritā) - Kunti surrounded by women (surrounded, encompassed)

Words meanings and morphology

कुन्ती (kuntī) - Kunti, the mother of the Pāṇḍavas (Kunti (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - Kunti (a proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Irregular perfect formation from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a proper name); white, clear, silver

Note: Object of 'brūyāḥ'

केशव (keśava) - O Keśava, O Krishna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Krishna (a name of Vishnu/Krishna); having beautiful hair

Note: Address to Krishna

ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should say, you should tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brū

Optative active

From root brū (variant of vac)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Refers to Krishna as the subject

त्वयि (tvayi) - Referring to Arjuna in the statement Kunti wants Krishna to relay (in you, to you, concerning you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Refers to Arjuna in the indirect speech, part of locative absolute construction.

जाते (jāte) - When Arjuna was born (when born, having been born)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From root jan (to be born) + kta

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'tvayi' in 'tvayi jāte'.

स्म (sma) - Used here as a narrative particle, emphasizing the past event. (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

सूतके (sūtake) - In the ritual impurity (sūtaka) period after childbirth (in impurity, in childbed, in confinement)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sūtaka

sūtaka - childbed, confinement, ritual impurity after birth or death

From root sū (to give birth) + aka

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Refers to Kunti's state, part of locative absolute construction.

उपोपविष्टा (upopaviṣṭā) - Kunti sitting near during the birth (sitting near, having sat near)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upopaviṣṭa

upopaviṣṭa - seated near, sitting close by

Past Passive Participle

From upa + upa + root viś (to enter/sit) + kta. The reduplication of 'upa' may indicate emphasis or 'sitting very close'.

Prefixes: upa+upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (Kunti).

नारीभिः (nārībhiḥ) - by women

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of nārī

nārī - woman, female

Note: Agent of 'parivāritā'.

आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage, in the retreat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, stage of life (āśrama)

From ā + root śram (to toil, exert oneself)

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Location where Kunti was.

परिवारिता (parivāritā) - Kunti surrounded by women (surrounded, encompassed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed

Past Passive Participle

From pari + root vṛ (to cover, enclose) + ṇic (causative) + kta.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (Kunti).