महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-135, verse-9

एतद्धनंजयो वाच्यो नित्योद्युक्तो वृकोदरः ।
यदर्थं क्षत्रिया सूते तस्य कालोऽयमागतः ।
न हि वैरं समासाद्य सीदन्ति पुरुषर्षभाः ॥९॥

9. etaddhanaṁjayo vācyo nityodyukto vṛkodaraḥ ,
yadarthaṁ kṣatriyā sūte tasya kālo'yamāgataḥ ,
na hi vairaṁ samāsādya sīdanti puruṣarṣabhāḥ.

9. etad dhanaṃjayaḥ vācyaḥ nityodyuktaḥ
vṛkodaraḥ yat artham kṣatriyā sūte
tasya kālaḥ ayam āgataḥ na hi vairaṃ
samāsādya sīdanti puruṣarṣabhāḥ

9. etad nityodyuktaḥ vṛkodaraḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ vācyaḥ.
yat artham kṣatriyā sūte tasya ayam kālaḥ āgataḥ.
hi puruṣarṣabhāḥ vairaṃ samāsādya na sīdanti.

9. This message should be given to Dhananjaya (Arjuna) and to Vṛkodara (Bhīma), who is always prepared for action: the time has come for the very purpose for which a kṣatriya woman gives birth to a son. Indeed, the foremost among men (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) do not lose heart when confronted with animosity.

Words meanings summery:

• एतद् (etad) - this, this message

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Dhananjaya, Arjuna

• वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - to be spoken, to be told, should be said

• नित्योद्युक्तः (nityodyuktaḥ) - always ready, ever vigilant, always active

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma), one with a wolf's belly (referring to his immense hunger or strength)

• यत् (yat) - that, which, for what

• अर्थम् (artham) - purpose, for the sake of, object

• क्षत्रिया (kṣatriyā) - a kṣatriya woman, a woman of the warrior class

• सूते (sūte) - gives birth, produces

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, occasion

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• वैरं (vairaṁ) - hostility, enmity

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having obtained, having encountered

• सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - they despair, they languish, they sink

• पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - best among men, foremost of men

Words meanings and morphology

एतद् (etad) - this, this message

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the preceding instruction/message.

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Dhananjaya, Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, a name of Arjuna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from verb root jī (to conquer)
  Root: jī (class 1)

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - to be spoken, to be told, should be said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, suitable to be said

Gerundive (Kartavyavya)

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ya

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used here in the sense of "should be told" or "is to be addressed".

नित्योद्युक्तः (nityodyuktaḥ) - always ready, ever vigilant, always active

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nityodyukta

nityodyukta - always ready, constantly striving

Compound of nitya (always) and udyukta (prepared, engaged)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+udyukta)

• nitya – constant, eternal, always
  indeclinable
• udyukta – prepared, engaged, ready
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj (to join, apply) with upasarga ud- and suffix -kta
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to Vṛkodara (Bhīma).

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma), one with a wolf's belly (referring to his immense hunger or strength)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied, a name of Bhīma

Compound of vṛka (wolf) and udara (belly)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

यत् (yat) - that, which, for what

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

Note: Used here in the sense of "for which (purpose)".

अर्थम् (artham) - purpose, for the sake of, object

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object

Note: Often used with pronouns in accusative to mean "for the sake of". Here, 'yat artham' means "for what purpose".

क्षत्रिया (kṣatriyā) - a kṣatriya woman, a woman of the warrior class

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣatriyā

kṣatriya - warrior, of the kṣatriya class

Feminine form of kṣatriya

Note: Refers to the mother of a kṣatriya, implying the purpose of raising warriors.

सूते (sūte) - gives birth, produces

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sū

Root: sū (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to the purpose mentioned ('yat artham').

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, occasion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, suitable time

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to the current moment.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with upasarga ā- and suffix -kta

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kālaḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

वैरं (vairaṁ) - hostility, enmity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - hostility, enmity

From vīra (hero) + aṇ (suffix), meaning "of heroes" or "hostility between heroes"

Note: Object of 'samāsādya'.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having obtained, having encountered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sad (to sit, approach) with upasargas sam- and ā-, and suffix -ya

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - they despair, they languish, they sink

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sīd

Form of root sad (to sit) with reduplication in present tense

Root: sad (class 1)

पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - best among men, foremost of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, chief of men

Compound of puruṣa (man) and ṛṣabha (bull, chief)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'sīdanti'.