महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-64, verse-6

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स पुत्रस्य वचः श्रुत्वा विराटो राष्ट्रवर्धनः ।
क्षमयामास कौन्तेयं भस्मच्छन्नमिवानलम् ॥६॥

6. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa putrasya vacaḥ śrutvā virāṭo rāṣṭravardhanaḥ ,
kṣamayāmāsa kaunteyaṁ bhasmacchannamivānalam.

6. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca sa putrasya vacaḥ śrutvā virāṭaḥ
rāṣṭravardhanaḥ kṣamayāmāsa kaunteyam bhasmacchannam iva analam

6. Vaiśampāyana said: Upon hearing his son's words, Virāṭa, the augmentor of the kingdom, appeased Kuntī's son (Arjuna), who was like a fire hidden under ashes.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स (sa) - Virāṭa (he, that)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of his son (Uttarā) (of the son)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (of Uttarā) (word, speech)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virāṭa of Matsya kingdom (Virāṭa (name of a king))

• राष्ट्रवर्धनः (rāṣṭravardhanaḥ) - King Virāṭa, who makes his kingdom prosper (augmenter of the kingdom, prosperer of the nation)

• क्षमयामास (kṣamayāmāsa) - Virāṭa appeased Arjuna (he appeased, he pacified, he forgave)

• कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Arjuna (son of Kuntī) (Kuntī's son)

• भस्मच्छन्नम् (bhasmacchannam) - Arjuna (Kaunteya) who was covered by ashes (metaphorically, his true nature hidden) (covered by ashes)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• अनलम् (analam) - fire

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, Vyāsa's disciple

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - Virāṭa (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'tad' before a soft consonant.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of his son (Uttarā) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (of Uttarā) (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac

Note: Functions as the object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virāṭa of Matsya kingdom (Virāṭa (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - sovereign, king, Virāṭa (name)

राष्ट्रवर्धनः (rāṣṭravardhanaḥ) - King Virāṭa, who makes his kingdom prosper (augmenter of the kingdom, prosperer of the nation)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāṣṭravardhana

rāṣṭravardhana - augmentor of the kingdom, one who causes prosperity of the realm

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāṣṭra+vardhana)

• rāṣṭra – kingdom, nation, realm
  noun (neuter)
• vardhana – causing to grow, increasing, augmenting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  Derived from root vṛdh (to grow) with suffix -ana
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Virāṭa.

क्षमयामास (kṣamayāmāsa) - Virāṭa appeased Arjuna (he appeased, he pacified, he forgave)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṣam

Periphrastic Perfect active

Formed with suffix -āmāsa. 3rd person singular, Periphrastic Perfect tense, Parasmaipada.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic perfect with verb 'as' in perfect (āmāsa).

कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Arjuna (son of Kuntī) (Kuntī's son)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Patronymic from Kuntī

भस्मच्छन्नम् (bhasmacchannam) - Arjuna (Kaunteya) who was covered by ashes (metaphorically, his true nature hidden) (covered by ashes)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhasmacchanna

bhasmacchanna - covered with ashes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhasman+channa)

• bhasman – ashes
  noun (neuter)
• channa – covered, concealed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'chad' (to cover)
  Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'kaunteyam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

अनलम् (analam) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anala

anala - fire, god of fire

Note: Refers to fire.