महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-64, verse-4

विराट उवाच ।
मयायं ताडितो जिह्मो न चाप्येतावदर्हति ।
प्रशस्यमाने यः शूरे त्वयि षण्ढं प्रशंसति ॥४॥

4. virāṭa uvāca ,
mayāyaṁ tāḍito jihmo na cāpyetāvadarhati ,
praśasyamāne yaḥ śūre tvayi ṣaṇḍhaṁ praśaṁsati.

4. virāṭaḥ uvāca mayā ayam tāḍitaḥ jihmaḥ na ca api etāvat
arhati praśasyamāne yaḥ śūre tvayi ṣaṇḍham praśaṃsati

4. Virata said, "I struck this contemptible man. He does not even deserve this much (lenience), for he praises an eunuch while you, the hero, are being lauded."

Words meanings summery:

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virata (Virata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मया (mayā) - by me

• अयम् (ayam) - this (Kanka/Yudhisthira) (this (person))

• ताडितः (tāḍitaḥ) - struck, hit

• जिह्मः (jihmaḥ) - crooked, dishonest, contemptible, deceitful

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• एतावत् (etāvat) - so much, this much

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought to

• प्रशस्यमाने (praśasyamāne) - while being praised, in the one being praised

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

• शूरे (śūre) - in you, the hero (referring to Uttara) (in the hero, in the brave one)

• त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, regarding you

• षण्ढम् (ṣaṇḍham) - an eunuch (referring to Bṛhannaḷā/Arjuna in disguise) (eunuch, impotent man)

• प्रशंसति (praśaṁsati) - praises, glorifies, commends

Words meanings and morphology

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virata (Virata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virata (King of Matsya kingdom), chief, sovereign

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

अयम् (ayam) - this (Kanka/Yudhisthira) (this (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this person

ताडितः (tāḍitaḥ) - struck, hit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāḍita

tāḍita - struck, hit, beaten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tāḍ (to strike, beat).

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

जिह्मः (jihmaḥ) - crooked, dishonest, contemptible, deceitful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jihma

jihma - crooked, dishonest, contemptible, deceitful, oblique

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

एतावत् (etāvat) - so much, this much

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, this much, so great, so far

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Present (Laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

प्रशस्यमाने (praśasyamāne) - while being praised, in the one being praised

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of praśasyamāna

praśasyamāna - being praised, being glorified, commendable

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root śaṃs with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

शूरे (śūre) - in you, the hero (referring to Uttara) (in the hero, in the brave one)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, warrior, mighty

त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, regarding you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

षण्ढम् (ṣaṇḍham) - an eunuch (referring to Bṛhannaḷā/Arjuna in disguise) (eunuch, impotent man)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṣaṇḍha

ṣaṇḍha - eunuch, impotent man, hermaphrodite

प्रशंसति (praśaṁsati) - praises, glorifies, commends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Present (Laṭ) of pra-śaṃs

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)