महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-22, verse-17

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इत्युक्त्वा स महाबाहुर्विजजृम्भे जिघांसया ।
ततः स व्यायतं कृत्वा वेषं विपरिवर्त्य च ।
अद्वारेणाभ्यवस्कन्द्य निर्जगाम बहिस्तदा ॥१७॥

17. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ityuktvā sa mahābāhurvijajṛmbhe jighāṁsayā ,
tataḥ sa vyāyataṁ kṛtvā veṣaṁ viparivartya ca ,
advāreṇābhyavaskandya nirjagāma bahistadā.

17. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca iti uktvā saḥ mahābāhuḥ
vijajṛmbhe jighāṃsayā tataḥ saḥ
vyāyatam kṛtvā veṣam viparivartya ca advāreṇa
abhyavaskandya nirjagāma bahiḥ tadā

17. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "Having spoken thus, that mighty-armed one (Bhīmasena) stretched himself out, intent on killing. Then, making his body taut and changing his disguise, he went out by leaping through an unusual exit."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• इति (iti) - thus (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this way)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he, that)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (Bhīmasena) (mighty-armed)

• विजजृम्भे (vijajṛmbhe) - he stretched himself out (in preparation for action) (he yawned, he stretched, he expanded)

• जिघांसया (jighāṁsayā) - with a desire to kill (with a desire to kill, with an intention to strike)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that place)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he, that)

• व्यायतम् (vyāyatam) - taut (his body, implied) (stretched, taut, extended)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

• वेषम् (veṣam) - disguise (dress, disguise, appearance)

• विपरिवर्त्य (viparivartya) - having changed (having completely changed, having turned around)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अद्वारेण (advāreṇa) - through an unusual exit (not a conventional door) (by a non-door, by an improper entrance)

• अभ्यवस्कन्द्य (abhyavaskandya) - having leaped through (having leaped over/down, having assailed)

• निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - he went out (he went out, came forth)

• बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside (outside, out, externally)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (Bhīmasena) (mighty-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - one with great or mighty arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Stem form of 'mahant'
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'saḥ'.

विजजृम्भे (vijajṛmbhe) - he stretched himself out (in preparation for action) (he yawned, he stretched, he expanded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of jṛmbh

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Prefix: vi

Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

जिघांसया (jighāṁsayā) - with a desire to kill (with a desire to kill, with an intention to strike)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jighāṃsā

jighāṁsā - desire to kill, intention to strike, murderous intent

Desiderative noun

Derived from the desiderative stem of root √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas attached to the pronominal stem 'tad'

सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

व्यायतम् (vyāyatam) - taut (his body, implied) (stretched, taut, extended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyāyata

vyāyata - stretched, extended, drawn out, taut

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √yam (to stretch, restrain) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: yam (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ktvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वेषम् (veṣam) - disguise (dress, disguise, appearance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veṣa

veṣa - dress, apparel, costume, disguise, outward appearance

Derived from root √viś (to enter) with suffix -a

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'viparivartya'.

विपरिवर्त्य (viparivartya) - having changed (having completely changed, having turned around)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefixes

Derived from root √vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefixes 'vi' and 'pari'

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अद्वारेण (advāreṇa) - through an unusual exit (not a conventional door) (by a non-door, by an improper entrance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of advāra

advāra - not a door, an unusual passage, an improper entrance

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: 'a-' (negation) + 'dvāra' (door)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dvāra)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dvṛ

Note: Indicates the means or path of exit.

अभ्यवस्कन्द्य (abhyavaskandya) - having leaped through (having leaped over/down, having assailed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefixes

Derived from root √skand (to leap, spring) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ava'

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: skand (class 1)

निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - he went out (he went out, came forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada)

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside (outside, out, externally)

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time derived from the pronominal base 'tad'