महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-22, verse-15

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तस्यास्ताः कृपणा वाचः कृष्णायाः परिदेविताः ।
श्रुत्वैवाभ्यपतद्भीमः शयनादविचारयन् ॥१५॥

15. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tasyāstāḥ kṛpaṇā vācaḥ kṛṣṇāyāḥ paridevitāḥ ,
śrutvaivābhyapatadbhīmaḥ śayanādavicārayan.

15. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tasyāḥ tāḥ kṛpaṇāḥ vācaḥ kṛṣṇāyāḥ
paridevitāḥ śrutvā eva abhyapatat bhīmaḥ śayanāt avicārayan

15. Vaiśampāyana said, "Having immediately heard those piteous words and lamentations of Draupadi, Bhima rushed from his bed without a moment's hesitation."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of Draupadi (of her)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - piteous, wretched, miserable

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - Draupadi's cries of distress (words, cries, speeches)

• कृष्णायाः (kṛṣṇāyāḥ) - of Krishnaa, of Draupadi

• परिदेविताः (paridevitāḥ) - lamentations, wailings, mournful cries

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, even, immediately

• अभ्यपतत् (abhyapatat) - rushed towards (to help Draupadi) (rushed towards, fell upon)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

• शयनात् (śayanāt) - from the bed

• अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without thinking, without considering, without hesitating

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class), Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of Draupadi (of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - piteous, wretched, miserable

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - piteous, miserable, wretched, poor

वाचः (vācaḥ) - Draupadi's cries of distress (words, cries, speeches)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice, language

कृष्णायाः (kṛṣṇāyāḥ) - of Krishnaa, of Draupadi

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadi (lit. 'dark-complexioned')

परिदेविताः (paridevitāḥ) - lamentations, wailings, mournful cries

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paridevita

paridevita - lamented, wailed; a lament, wailing

Past Passive Participle

From root 'div' (to lament, to cry) with prefix 'pari', used as a noun

Prefix: pari

Root: div (class 4)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'śru' (5th class)

Root: śru (class 5)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, even, immediately

(indeclinable)

अभ्यपतत् (abhyapatat) - rushed towards (to help Draupadi) (rushed towards, fell upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Active

Root 'pat' (1st class), Imperfect 3rd person singular with preverb 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (one of the Pandavas)

शयनात् (śayanāt) - from the bed

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - bed, couch; sleeping

अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without thinking, without considering, without hesitating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicārayat

vicārayat - thinking, considering (present active participle of causative of √car with vi); (negated by 'a')

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the causative form of root 'car' (to move, to go) with prefix 'vi', negated by 'a'

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Used here adverbially, meaning 'without thinking' or 'without hesitation'.