महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-69, verse-33

ऋतुपर्णस्तु राजेन्द्र बाहुकस्य हयज्ञताम् ।
चिन्तयन्मुमुदे राजा सहवार्ष्णेयसारथिः ॥३३॥

33. ṛtuparṇastu rājendra bāhukasya hayajñatām ,
cintayanmumude rājā sahavārṣṇeyasārathiḥ.

33. ṛtuparṇaḥ tu rājendra bāhukasya hayajñatām
cintayan mumude rājā sahavārṣṇeyasārathiḥ

33. O king, King Ṛtuparṇa, accompanied by Vārṣṇeya the charioteer, rejoiced as he contemplated Bāhuka's expertise with horses.

33. ורְטוּפַּרְנַה, הו אדון המלכים, התבונן בידע של בָּאהוּקַה בסוסים ושמח, המלך יחד עם וָארְשְׁנֵיַה הרכב.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - The name of a king. (Ṛtuparṇa)

• तु (tu) - Emphasizes the preceding word; often not explicitly translated for natural flow. (but, indeed, however)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing the listener, Janamejaya, to whom Vaiśampāyana is narrating. (O king, chief of kings)

• बाहुकस्य (bāhukasya) - Refers to Nala in disguise as Bāhuka. (of Bāhuka)

• हयज्ञताम् (hayajñatām) - The exceptional skill of Bāhuka (Nala) in handling and understanding horses. (expertise in horses, knowledge of horses)

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - King Ṛtuparṇa was reflecting on Bāhuka's skill. (thinking, contemplating, reflecting)

• मुमुदे (mumude) - Refers to King Ṛtuparṇa's joy. (rejoiced, was glad)

• राजा (rājā) - Refers to King Ṛtuparṇa. (the king)

• सहवार्ष्णेयसारथिः (sahavārṣṇeyasārathiḥ) - Vārṣṇeya is the charioteer of King Ṛtuparṇa. (with Vārṣṇeya as charioteer, accompanied by Vārṣṇeya the charioteer)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - The name of a king. (Ṛtuparṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛtuparṇa

ṛtuparṇa - Ṛtuparṇa (name of a king)

तु (tu) - Emphasizes the preceding word; often not explicitly translated for natural flow. (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing the listener, Janamejaya, to whom Vaiśampāyana is narrating. (O king, chief of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, emperor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (a deity)
  noun (masculine)

बाहुकस्य (bāhukasya) - Refers to Nala in disguise as Bāhuka. (of Bāhuka)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bāhuka

bāhuka - Bāhuka (name)

हयज्ञताम् (hayajñatām) - The exceptional skill of Bāhuka (Nala) in handling and understanding horses. (expertise in horses, knowledge of horses)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hayajñatā

hayajñatā - expertise in horses, knowledge of horses

'tā' suffix for abstract noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haya+jñatā)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• jñatā – knowledge, knowing
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root jñā (to know) + suffix -ta (for past participle) and -tā (for abstract noun). Here, it implies the state of knowing.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - King Ṛtuparṇa was reflecting on Bāhuka's skill. (thinking, contemplating, reflecting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, reflecting, contemplating

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root cint (to think) in the 10th class.

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: It qualifies "rājā".

मुमुदे (mumude) - Refers to King Ṛtuparṇa's joy. (rejoiced, was glad)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of mud

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada perfect 3rd person singular.

राजा (rājā) - Refers to King Ṛtuparṇa. (the king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सहवार्ष्णेयसारथिः (sahavārṣṇeyasārathiḥ) - Vārṣṇeya is the charioteer of King Ṛtuparṇa. (with Vārṣṇeya as charioteer, accompanied by Vārṣṇeya the charioteer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahavārṣṇeyasārathi

sahavārṣṇeyasārathi - accompanied by Vārṣṇeya the charioteer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+vārṣṇeya+sārathi)

• saha – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• vārṣṇeya – descendant of Vṛṣṇi, Vārṣṇeya (name of a charioteer)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Vṛṣṇi.
• sārathi – charioteer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "rājā".

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