महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-69, verse-17

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
ततः सदश्वांश्चतुरः कुलशीलसमन्वितान् ।
योजयामास कुशलो जवयुक्तान्रथे नरः ॥१७॥

17. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
tataḥ sadaśvāṁścaturaḥ kulaśīlasamanvitān ,
yojayāmāsa kuśalo javayuktānrathe naraḥ.

17. bṛhadaśvaḥ uvāca tataḥ sadaśvān caturaḥ kulaśīlasamanvitān
yojayām āsa kuśalaḥ javayuktān rathe naraḥ

17. Bṛhadaśva said: Then, the skilled man (Nala) harnessed to the chariot four excellent horses, which were endowed with good lineage and character, and were swift.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्वः (bṛhadaśvaḥ) - Bṛhadaśva

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• सदश्वान् (sadaśvān) - excellent horses, good horses

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• कुलशीलसमन्वितान् (kulaśīlasamanvitān) - endowed with good lineage and character

• योजयाम् आस (yojayām āsa) - harnessed, yoked

• कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, clever, expert

• जवयुक्तान् (javayuktān) - swift, endowed with speed

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot, on the chariot

• नरः (naraḥ) - Nala (as the skilled man) (man, person)

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्वः (bṛhadaśvaḥ) - Bṛhadaśva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - name of a sage

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bṛhat+aśva)

• bṛhat – great, large
  adjective
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

सदश्वान् (sadaśvān) - excellent horses, good horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sadaśva

sadaśva - excellent horse, good horse

Compound type : karmadharaya (sat+aśva)

• sat – good, excellent, real
  adjective
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(numeral)

कुलशीलसमन्वितान् (kulaśīlasamanvitān) - endowed with good lineage and character

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kulaśīlasamanvita

kulaśīlasamanvita - endowed with good lineage and character

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kula+śīla+samanvita)

• kula – family, lineage
  noun (neuter)
• śīla – character, conduct
  noun (neuter)
• samanvita – endowed with, possessed of
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam + anu + i (to go)
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: qualifies sadaśvān

योजयाम् आस (yojayām āsa) - harnessed, yoked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yuj

Periphrastic Perfect, causative form of yuj

Formed from the accusative of the noun 'yojā' (from causative yuj) + perfect of as (to be)

Root: yuj (class 7)

कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, clever, expert

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśala

kuśala - skilled, clever, expert, well-being

Note: qualifies naraḥ

जवयुक्तान् (javayuktān) - swift, endowed with speed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of javayukta

javayukta - endowed with speed, swift

Compound type : tatpurusha (java+yukta)

• java – speed, swiftness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jū (class 1)
• yukta – joined, endowed with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root yuj
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: qualifies sadaśvān

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot, on the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

नरः (naraḥ) - Nala (as the skilled man) (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, hero

Note: Subject of yojayām āsa