महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-69, verse-12

तेजोबलसमायुक्तान्कुलशीलसमन्वितान् ।
वर्जिताँल्लक्षणैर्हीनैः पृथुप्रोथान्महाहनून् ।
शुद्धान्दशभिरावर्तैः सिन्धुजान्वातरंहसः ॥१२॥

12. tejobalasamāyuktānkulaśīlasamanvitān ,
varjitāँllakṣaṇairhīnaiḥ pṛthuprothānmahāhanūn ,
śuddhāndaśabhirāvartaiḥ sindhujānvātaraṁhasaḥ.

12. tejobalasamāyuktān kulaśīlasamanvitān
varjitān lakṣaṇaiḥ hīnaiḥ
pṛthuprothān mahāhanūn śuddhān daśabhiḥ
āvartaiḥ sindhujān vātarāṁhasaḥ

12. (He found horses) endowed with vigor and strength, possessing noble lineage and excellent characteristics, free from defects, having broad nostrils and large jaws, pure and marked with ten auspicious whorls, born in the Sindhu region, and swift as the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• तेजोबलसमायुक्तान् (tejobalasamāyuktān) - endowed with vigor and strength, possessing energy and might

• कुलशीलसमन्वितान् (kulaśīlasamanvitān) - endowed with noble lineage and character, possessing good family and conduct

• वर्जितान् (varjitān) - excluded, free from, devoid of

• लक्षणैः (lakṣaṇaiḥ) - by marks, by characteristics

• हीनैः (hīnaiḥ) - by defective, by deficient

• पृथुप्रोथान् (pṛthuprothān) - having broad nostrils

• महाहनून् (mahāhanūn) - having large jaws

• शुद्धान् (śuddhān) - pure, clean, faultless

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - by ten

• आवर्तैः (āvartaiḥ) - Auspicious whorls (hair patterns) on a horse's body, considered a sign of good breed and luck. (by whorls, by curls)

• सिन्धुजान् (sindhujān) - Sindhu region was renowned for its excellent horses. (born in Sindhu, originating from Sindhu)

• वातरांहसः (vātarāṁhasaḥ) - having the speed of wind, wind-swift

Words meanings and morphology

तेजोबलसमायुक्तान् (tejobalasamāyuktān) - endowed with vigor and strength, possessing energy and might

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tejobalasamāyukta

tejobalasamāyukta - endowed with vigor and strength

Past Passive Participle (yukta) with prefixes.

Compound of tejas (vigor), bala (strength), and samāyukta (endowed, joined).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tejas+bala+samāyukta)

• tejas – radiance, vigor, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• samāyukta – joined, endowed, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam + ā + root yuj.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The compound is 'tejobala' (dvandva or karmadhāraya) + 'samāyukta' (tatpuruṣa), forming a Bahuvrihi with implied 'those who have...'

कुलशीलसमन्वितान् (kulaśīlasamanvitān) - endowed with noble lineage and character, possessing good family and conduct

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kulaśīlasamanvita

kulaśīlasamanvita - endowed with noble lineage and character

Past Passive Participle (anvita) with prefix.

Compound of kula (family), śīla (character), and samanvita (endowed, possessed of).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kula+śīla+samanvita)

• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)
• śīla – character, conduct, habit, disposition
  noun (neuter)
• samanvita – possessed of, endowed with, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam + an + root i (to go).
  Prefixes: sam+an
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: The compound is 'kulaśīla' (dvandva or karmadhāraya) + 'samanvita' (tatpuruṣa), forming a Bahuvrihi with implied 'those who have...'

वर्जितान् (varjitān) - excluded, free from, devoid of

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of varjita

varjita - abandoned, excluded, avoided, devoid of

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛj (to abandon, exclude).

Root: vṛj (class 7)

Note: Describes 'aśvān'.

लक्षणैः (lakṣaṇaiḥ) - by marks, by characteristics

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - mark, sign, characteristic, auspicious mark

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Indicates means or association for 'varjitān'.

हीनैः (hīnaiḥ) - by defective, by deficient

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hīna

hīna - deficient, defective, inferior, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, quit).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Describes 'lakṣaṇaiḥ'.

पृथुप्रोथान् (pṛthuprothān) - having broad nostrils

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pṛthuprotha

pṛthuprotha - having broad nostrils

Compound of pṛthu (broad) and protha (nostril).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛthu+protha)

• pṛthu – broad, wide, extensive
  adjective (masculine)
• protha – nostril, snout
  noun (masculine)

महाहनून् (mahāhanūn) - having large jaws

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāhanu

mahāhanu - having large jaws

Compound of mahā (great, large) and hanu (jaw).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+hanu)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• hanu – jaw, chin
  noun (masculine)

शुद्धान् (śuddhān) - pure, clean, faultless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, faultless, correct

Past Passive Participle

From root śudh (to purify, be clean).

Root: śudh (class 4)

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - by ten

(numeral)

आवर्तैः (āvartaiḥ) - Auspicious whorls (hair patterns) on a horse's body, considered a sign of good breed and luck. (by whorls, by curls)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āvarta

āvarta - whorl, curl, circle, eddy

From prefix ā + root vṛt (to turn).

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Indicates means or feature by which they are 'śuddhān'.

सिन्धुजान् (sindhujān) - Sindhu region was renowned for its excellent horses. (born in Sindhu, originating from Sindhu)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sindhuja

sindhuja - born in Sindhu, produced in Sindhu

Compound of Sindhu (proper noun for the river/region) + ja (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sindhu+ja)

• sindhu – the river Sindhu (Indus); the region around it
  proper noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

वातरांहसः (vātarāṁhasaḥ) - having the speed of wind, wind-swift

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vātarāṁhas

vātarāṁhas - wind-swift, having the speed of wind

Compound of vāta (wind) and raṁhas (speed).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāta+raṁhas)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• raṁhas – speed, velocity, impulse
  noun (neuter)