महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-69, verse-10

ततः परीक्षामश्वानां चक्रे राजन्स बाहुकः ।
अश्वशालामुपागम्य भाङ्गस्वरिनृपाज्ञया ॥१०॥

10. tataḥ parīkṣāmaśvānāṁ cakre rājansa bāhukaḥ ,
aśvaśālāmupāgamya bhāṅgasvarinṛpājñayā.

10. tataḥ parīkṣām aśvānām cakre rājan saḥ bāhukaḥ
aśvaśālām upāgamya bhāṅgasvarinṛpājñayā

10. Then, O king, Bāhuka, approaching the stable, conducted an inspection of the horses, acting upon the command of King Bhāṅgasvari.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• परीक्षाम् (parīkṣām) - inspection, examination, test

• अश्वानाम् (aśvānām) - of horses

• चक्रे (cakre) - he did, he made, he performed

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to a king (listener/narratee). (O king)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bāhuka. (he, that)

• बाहुकः (bāhukaḥ) - Bāhuka (proper name)

• अश्वशालाम् (aśvaśālām) - to the stable, horse-shed

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached, having gone near

• भाङ्गस्वरिनृपाज्ञया (bhāṅgasvarinṛpājñayā) - Bhāṅgasvari is an epithet often associated with King Ṛtuparṇa. (by the command of King Bhāṅgasvari)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Avyaya (indeclinable).

परीक्षाम् (parīkṣām) - inspection, examination, test

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parīkṣā

parīkṣā - examination, inspection, test

From prefix pari + root īkṣ (to see).

Prefix: pari

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'cakre' (did).

अश्वानाम् (aśvānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Possessive, "of the horses".

चक्रे (cakre) - he did, he made, he performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect indicative (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Middle Indicative, 3rd person singular

Represents past action.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Middle voice is common for 'kṛ' in past tenses when the action is for oneself.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to a king (listener/narratee). (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bāhuka. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'bāhukaḥ'.

बाहुकः (bāhukaḥ) - Bāhuka (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāhuka

bāhuka - Name of Nala in his disguised form as a charioteer.

Note: Subject of 'cakre'.

अश्वशालाम् (aśvaśālām) - to the stable, horse-shed

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aśvaśālā

aśvaśālā - horse-stable, horse-shed

Compound of aśva (horse) + śālā (shed/house).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+śālā)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• śālā – hall, house, shed
  noun (feminine)

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix upa + ā + root gam + suffix -ya.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Gerund/Absolutive.

भाङ्गस्वरिनृपाज्ञया (bhāṅgasvarinṛpājñayā) - Bhāṅgasvari is an epithet often associated with King Ṛtuparṇa. (by the command of King Bhāṅgasvari)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāṅgasvarinṛpājñā

bhāṅgasvarinṛpājñā - command of King Bhāṅgasvari

Compound of Bhāṅgasvari (proper noun) + nṛpa (king) + ājñā (command).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāṅgasvari+nṛpa+ājñā)

• bhāṅgasvari – name of a king or a dynastic name, sometimes an epithet for Ṛtuparṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• nṛpa – king
  noun (masculine)
• ājñā – command, order
  noun (feminine)
  From prefix ā + root jñā (to know).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Instrumental case indicates means or cause.