महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-69, verse-1

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
श्रुत्वा वचः सुदेवस्य ऋतुपर्णो नराधिपः ।
सान्त्वयञ्श्लक्ष्णया वाचा बाहुकं प्रत्यभाषत ॥१॥

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
śrutvā vacaḥ sudevasya ṛtuparṇo narādhipaḥ ,
sāntvayañślakṣṇayā vācā bāhukaṁ pratyabhāṣata.

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca śrutvā vacaḥ sudevasya ṛtuparṇaḥ
narādhipaḥ sāntvayan ślakṣṇayā vācā bāhukam pratyabhāṣata

1. Bṛhadaśva said: King Ṛtuparṇa, having heard Sudeva's message, replied to Bāhuka, comforting him with gentle words.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - The sage Bṛhadaśva (Bṛhadaśva (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, message (word, speech, message)

• सुदेवस्य (sudevasya) - of Sudeva (the messenger) (of Sudeva)

• ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (Ṛtuparṇa (a proper name))

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - the king (king, ruler, lord of men)

• सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - comforting (Bāhuka) (comforting, consoling, appeasing)

• श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - gentle (gentle, soft, smooth, polite)

• वाचा (vācā) - with words, by speech

• बाहुकम् (bāhukam) - Bāhuka (Nala in disguise) (Bāhuka (a proper name))

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - spoke in reply to him (spoke in reply, addressed)

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - The sage Bṛhadaśva (Bṛhadaśva (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - Name of a sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect active

Class 2 verb. Intensive/Reduplicated perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, message (word, speech, message)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

Root: vac

Note: Could also be nominative singular, but accusative fits the context 'having heard words'.

सुदेवस्य (sudevasya) - of Sudeva (the messenger) (of Sudeva)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sudeva

sudeva - Name of a person; lit. 'good god'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+deva)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
• deva – god, divine being
  noun (masculine)

ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (Ṛtuparṇa (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛtuparṇa

ṛtuparṇa - Name of a king

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - the king (king, ruler, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler (lit. lord of men)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)

सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - comforting (Bāhuka) (comforting, consoling, appeasing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāntvay

sāntvay - to comfort, to console, to appease

Present Active Participle

Root sāntv (denominative from sāntva 'comfort'). Formed with śatṛ suffix.

Root: sāntv (class 10)

Note: Refers to Ṛtuparṇa.

श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - gentle (gentle, soft, smooth, polite)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ślakṣṇa

ślakṣṇa - smooth, soft, gentle, polite, delicate

Note: Qualifies 'vācā'.

वाचा (vācā) - with words, by speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Root: vac

बाहुकम् (bāhukam) - Bāhuka (Nala in disguise) (Bāhuka (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāhuka

bāhuka - Name of Nala in disguise

Note: Object of 'spoke to'.

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - spoke in reply to him (spoke in reply, addressed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect Middle

Root bhāṣ, Class 1, Ātmanepada. With prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Ṛtuparṇa.