महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-44, verse-27

एकासनोपविष्टौ तौ शोभयां चक्रतुः सभाम् ।
सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ व्योम्नि चतुर्दश्यामिवोदितौ ॥२७॥

27. ekāsanopaviṣṭau tau śobhayāṁ cakratuḥ sabhām ,
sūryācandramasau vyomni caturdaśyāmivoditau.

27. ekāsana upaviṣṭau tau śobhayām cakratuḥ sabhām
sūryācandramasau vyomni caturdaśyām iva uditau

27. Seated on one seat, those two (Arjuna and Indra) adorned the assembly hall, just like the sun and moon having risen together in the sky on the fourteenth day (of the lunar fortnight).

Words meanings summery:

• एकासन (ekāsana) - one seat

• उपविष्टौ (upaviṣṭau) - seated, sitting down

• तौ (tau) - Arjuna and Indra (those two)

• शोभयाम् (śobhayām) - for beauty, splendor

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two adorned, made beautiful (with śobhayām) (they two made, they two did)

• सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly, hall, court

• सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ (sūryācandramasau) - the sun and the moon

• व्योम्नि (vyomni) - in the sky, in space

• चतुर्दश्याम् (caturdaśyām) - on the fourteenth day of the lunar fortnight (on the fourteenth (day))

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• उदितौ (uditau) - (the sun and moon) risen (risen, appeared)

Words meanings and morphology

एकासन (ekāsana) - one seat

(noun)

neuter, singular of ekāsana

ekāsana - a single seat

Compound of 'eka' (one) and 'āsana' (seat).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+āsana)

• eka – one, single
  adjective
• āsana – seat, sitting
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root √ās (to sit).
  Root: ās (class 2)

उपविष्टौ (upaviṣṭau) - seated, sitting down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, sat down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √viś (to enter) with the prefix upa- and the -ta suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

तौ (tau) - Arjuna and Indra (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

शोभयाम् (śobhayām) - for beauty, splendor

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śobhā

śobhā - beauty, splendor, brilliance

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Archaic accusative form used to construct a periphrastic perfect.

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two adorned, made beautiful (with śobhayām) (they two made, they two did)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly, hall, court

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, hall, court

सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ (sūryācandramasau) - the sun and the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sūryācandramas

sūryācandramas - the sun and the moon

Dvandva compound of 'sūrya' (sun) and 'candramas' (moon).

Compound type : dvandva (sūrya+candramas)

• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 1)
• candramas – moon
  noun (masculine)

व्योम्नि (vyomni) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, atmosphere, space

चतुर्दश्याम् (caturdaśyām) - on the fourteenth day of the lunar fortnight (on the fourteenth (day))

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of caturdaśī

caturdaśī - the fourteenth day of a lunar fortnight

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

उदितौ (uditau) - (the sun and moon) risen (risen, appeared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of udita

udita - risen, ascended, appeared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √i (to go) with the prefix ud- and the -ta suffix.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)