महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-44, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स ददर्श पुरीं रम्यां सिद्धचारणसेविताम् ।
सर्वर्तुकुसुमैः पुण्यैः पादपैरुपशोभिताम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa dadarśa purīṁ ramyāṁ siddhacāraṇasevitām ,
sarvartukusumaiḥ puṇyaiḥ pādapairupaśobhitām.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca saḥ dadarśa purīm ramyām siddhacāraṇasevitām
sarvartukusumaiḥ puṇyaiḥ pādapaiḥ upaśobhitām

1. Vaishampayana said: He (Arjuna) saw the beautiful city, frequented by perfected beings (siddhas) and celestial bards (cāraṇas), and splendidly adorned with sacred trees bearing flowers of all seasons.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• पुरीम् (purīm) - city

• रम्याम् (ramyām) - beautiful, charming

• सिद्धचारणसेविताम् (siddhacāraṇasevitām) - frequented by Siddhas and Charanas

• सर्वर्तुकुसुमैः (sarvartukusumaiḥ) - with flowers of all seasons

• पुण्यैः (puṇyaiḥ) - sacred, pure, virtuous, auspicious

• पादपैः (pādapaiḥ) - with trees

• उपशोभिताम् (upaśobhitām) - adorned, made splendid

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaishampayana (a celebrated sage, pupil of Vyasa and narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya)

Note: The speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (Liṭ) active 3rd singular

Irregular perfect form of 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect (Liṭ) active 3rd singular

Reduplicated root 'dṛś' becomes 'dadarś'. Perfect ending 'a'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पुरीम् (purīm) - city

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town

रम्याम् (ramyām) - beautiful, charming

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ramya

ramya - beautiful, charming, pleasant, delightful

Gerundive

From root 'ram' (to delight) with suffix -ya.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

सिद्धचारणसेविताम् (siddhacāraṇasevitām) - frequented by Siddhas and Charanas

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhacāraṇasevita

siddhacāraṇasevita - frequented by perfected beings (siddhas) and celestial bards (cāraṇas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siddha+cāraṇa+sevita)

• siddha – perfected being, accomplished one (a class of demi-gods)
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sidh' (to accomplish) with suffix -ta.
  Root: sidh (class 1)
• cāraṇa – celestial bard, wanderer (a class of demi-gods)
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'car' (to move, wander).
  Root: car (class 1)
• sevita – frequented, served, inhabited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sev' (to serve, frequent) with suffix -ta.
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

सर्वर्तुकुसुमैः (sarvartukusumaiḥ) - with flowers of all seasons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sarvartukusuma

sarvartukusuma - flowers of all seasons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarvartu+kusuma)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun
• ṛtu – season
  noun (masculine)
• kusuma – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means 'by' or 'with' these flowers.

पुण्यैः (puṇyaiḥ) - sacred, pure, virtuous, auspicious

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, pure, virtuous, auspicious

Note: Agrees with 'sarvartukusumaiḥ' and 'pādapaiḥ'. Neuter plural instrumental.

पादपैः (pādapaiḥ) - with trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (lit. 'drinking by foot')

Compound type : upapada (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root (of a tree)
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinking
  agent noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'pā' (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Means 'by' or 'with' these trees.

उपशोभिताम् (upaśobhitām) - adorned, made splendid

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upaśobhita

upaśobhita - adorned, beautified, made splendid

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śubh' (to shine, be beautiful) with prefix 'upa' and suffix -ta.

Prefix: upa

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.