महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-44, verse-21

मूर्ध्नि चैनमुपाघ्राय देवेन्द्रः परवीरहा ।
अङ्कमारोपयामास प्रश्रयावनतं तदा ॥२१॥

21. mūrdhni cainamupāghrāya devendraḥ paravīrahā ,
aṅkamāropayāmāsa praśrayāvanataṁ tadā.

21. mūrdhni ca enam upāghrāya devendraḥ paravīrahā
aṅkam āropayāmāsa praśrayāvanatam tadā

21. And then, the king of gods (Devendra), the slayer of hostile heroes, kissed him on the head and placed him, who was bowed down with humility, on his lap.

Words meanings summery:

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - Arjuna (him)

• उपाघ्राय (upāghrāya) - having smelled, having kissed (on the head)

• देवेन्द्रः (devendraḥ) - Indra (the king of gods (Indra))

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - the slayer of hostile heroes

• अङ्कम् (aṅkam) - on his lap

• आरोपयामास (āropayāmāsa) - he placed him on, he made him ascend

• प्रश्रयावनतम् (praśrayāvanatam) - Arjuna, who was bowed down with humility ((him) who was bowed down with humility)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, skull, summit

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Arjuna (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, him

उपाघ्राय (upāghrāya) - having smelled, having kissed (on the head)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix 'upa' + root 'ghrā' (to smell) + suffix 'ya' (Absolutive form when preceded by a prefix).

Prefix: upa

Root: ghrā (class 1)

देवेन्द्रः (devendraḥ) - Indra (the king of gods (Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devendra

devendra - king of gods, Indra

Compound: deva (god) + indra (Indra).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+indra)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• indra – Indra (chief of the gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: id (class 6)

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - the slayer of hostile heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of enemy heroes, conqueror of hostile warriors

Compound: para (enemy) + vīra (hero) + han (slayer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy, superior
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, warrior, brave man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vī (class 2)
• han – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

अङ्कम् (aṅkam) - on his lap

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aṅka

aṅka - lap, embrace, side

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Object of the causative verb 'āropayāmāsa'.

आरोपयामास (āropayāmāsa) - he placed him on, he made him ascend

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of āropayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect (Lit) - Causative

From prefix 'ā' + causative stem of root 'ruh' (ropay) + periphrastic perfect auxiliary 'āmāsa'. 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic Perfect of ā-ropaya.

प्रश्रयावनतम् (praśrayāvanatam) - Arjuna, who was bowed down with humility ((him) who was bowed down with humility)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praśrayāvanata

praśrayāvanata - bent with humility, humbled, modest

Past Passive Participle

Compound: praśraya (humility) + avanata (bowed down). 'avanata' is past passive participle of ava-nam.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (praśraya+avanata)

• praśraya – humility, modesty, respectful demeanor
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-śri (to resort to, lean upon).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: śri (class 1)
• avanata – bent down, bowed, humbled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix 'ava' + root 'nam' (to bow) + 'ta' suffix.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: nam (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Root: tad