महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-3, verse-13

एवमुक्तस्तु धौम्येन तत्कालसदृशं वचः ।
धर्मराजो विशुद्धात्मा तप आतिष्ठदुत्तमम् ॥१३॥

13. evamuktastu dhaumyena tatkālasadṛśaṁ vacaḥ ,
dharmarājo viśuddhātmā tapa ātiṣṭhaduttamam.

13. evam uktaḥ tu dhaumyena tatkālasadṛśam vacaḥ
dharmarājaḥ viśuddhātmā tapas ātiṣṭhat uttamam

13. Thus addressed by Dhaumya with timely words, the king of righteousness (dharmarāja), possessing a pure nature (viśuddhātman), undertook excellent asceticism (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• धौम्येन (dhaumyena) - by the sage Dhaumya (by Dhaumya)

• तत्कालसदृशम् (tatkālasadṛśam) - appropriate to that time, timely

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the righteous king, king of righteousness)

• विशुद्धात्मा (viśuddhātmā) - pure-hearted, having a pure self (ātman)

• तपस् (tapas) - asceticism (tapas), penance

• आतिष्ठत् (ātiṣṭhat) - undertook, practiced

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

(verbal derivative)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmarājaḥ'

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

धौम्येन (dhaumyena) - by the sage Dhaumya (by Dhaumya)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhaumya

dhaumya - Dhaumya (the priest/guru of the Pāṇḍavas)

तत्कालसदृशम् (tatkālasadṛśam) - appropriate to that time, timely

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tatkālasadṛśa

tatkālasadṛśa - timely, appropriate to that time

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tat+kāla+sadṛśa)

• tat – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)
• sadṛśa – like, similar, equal, appropriate
  adjective

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the righteous king, king of righteousness)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, righteous king, Yama (the god of justice)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, intrinsic nature, natural law, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

विशुद्धात्मा (viśuddhātmā) - pure-hearted, having a pure self (ātman)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśuddhātman

viśuddhātman - pure-souled, pure-hearted, pure in nature

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (viśuddha+ātman)

• viśuddha – purified, clean, faultless
  verbal derivative
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √śudh (to purify) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śudh (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmarājaḥ'

तपस् (tapas) - asceticism (tapas), penance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

आतिष्ठत् (ātiṣṭhat) - undertook, practiced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

With prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, principal

Note: Agrees with 'tapas'