महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-3, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
शौनकेनैवमुक्तस्तु कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ।
पुरोहितमुपागम्य भ्रातृमध्येऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śaunakenaivamuktastu kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
purohitamupāgamya bhrātṛmadhye'bravīdidam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca śaunaken eva uktaḥ tu kuntīputraḥ
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ purohitam upāgamya bhrātṛmadhye abravīt idam

1. Vaishampayana said: Thus addressed by Shaunaka, Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, approached his family priest and spoke this amidst his brothers.

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, כאשר שַׁונַקַה דיבר אליו כך, יוּדְהִישְׁתִירַה בן קוּנְטִי ניגש אל הכומר, ואמר את הדברים האלה בתוך אחיו.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana (a proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• शौनकेन् (śaunaken) - by Shaunaka

• एव (eva) - thus (just, only, indeed, thus)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - son of Kunti

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

• पुरोहितम् (purohitam) - his family priest (the family priest, preceptor)

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached (having approached, having arrived at)

• भ्रातृमध्ये (bhrātṛmadhye) - amidst his brothers (amidst brothers, in the middle of brothers)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

• इदम् (idam) - this (following statement) (this)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyasa who narrated the Mahabharata

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Irregular perfect form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Standard introductory phrase for narration.

शौनकेन् (śaunaken) - by Shaunaka

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaunaka

śaunaka - Name of a famous Vedic sage

Note: Agent of the passive participle uktaḥ.

एव (eva) - thus (just, only, indeed, thus)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or restrictive particle.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - son of Kunti

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kunti

Compound of Kunti (mother's name) and putra (son).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kunti (name of Pandu's wife and mother of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Yudhishthira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Name of the eldest Pandava brother, meaning 'firm in battle'

From yudhi (in battle, locative of yudh) and sthira (firm).

Compound type : Aluk-Tatpurusha (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पुरोहितम् (purohitam) - his family priest (the family priest, preceptor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - one placed in front, a family priest, a chaplain

From puras (in front) and hita (placed).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (puras+hita)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, set, appointed, beneficial
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place, set).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached (having approached, having arrived at)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From upa-ā-√gam (to go near, to approach).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

भ्रातृमध्ये (bhrātṛmadhye) - amidst his brothers (amidst brothers, in the middle of brothers)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhrātṛmadhya

bhrātṛmadhya - the midst of brothers

Compound of bhrātṛ (brother) and madhya (middle).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (bhrātṛ+madhya)

• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)
• madhya – middle, center, midst
  noun/adjective (neuter)

Note: Indicates the setting for the speech.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active Indicative

Irregular imperfect form from root brū.

Root: brū (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (following statement) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Refers to the speech that follows.

Next Verse