महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-3, verse-5

पुरा सृष्टानि भूतानि पीड्यन्ते क्षुधया भृशम् ।
ततोऽनुकम्पया तेषां सविता स्वपिता इव ॥५॥

5. purā sṛṣṭāni bhūtāni pīḍyante kṣudhayā bhṛśam ,
tato'nukampayā teṣāṁ savitā svapitā iva.

5. purā sṛṣṭāni bhūtāni pīḍyante kṣudhayā bhṛśam
| tataḥ anukampayā teṣām savitā svapitā iva

5. Formerly, the created beings were greatly afflicted by hunger. Then, out of compassion for them, Savitā (the Sun God) acted like their own father.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, before

• सृष्टानि (sṛṣṭāni) - created, manifested

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements

• पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - they are afflicted, they are tormented

• क्षुधया (kṣudhayā) - by hunger, due to hunger

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

• अनुकम्पया (anukampayā) - by compassion, out of pity

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

• सविता (savitā) - Savitā (the Sun God) (the Sun, the stimulator, the generator)

• स्वपिता (svapitā) - his own father

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were, almost

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, before

(indeclinable)

सृष्टानि (sṛṣṭāni) - created, manifested

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sṛṣṭa

sṛṣṭa - created, produced, released, manifested

past passive participle

From root sṛj (to create, emit) with suffix -ta.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, ghost, element, past (as participle)

past passive participle (used as noun)

From root bhū (to be, become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - they are afflicted, they are tormented

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of pīḍ

Present indicative, 3rd person plural, passive voice. Root pīḍ.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

क्षुधया (kṣudhayā) - by hunger, due to hunger

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudhā

kṣudhā - hunger, appetite

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular of bhṛśa (great, strong).

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

(indeclinable)

From tad + -tas suffix.

अनुकम्पया (anukampayā) - by compassion, out of pity

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of anukampā

anukampā - compassion, pity, sympathy

From prefix anu- and root kamp (to tremble), secondary derivation means 'sympathy'.

Prefix: anu

Root: kamp (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सविता (savitā) - Savitā (the Sun God) (the Sun, the stimulator, the generator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savitṛ

savitṛ - the stimulator, the generator, the producer, the Sun God

agent noun

From root sū (to stimulate, generate) with suffix -tṛ.

Root: sū (class 2)

स्वपिता (svapitā) - his own father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapitṛ

svapitṛ - one's own father

Tatpurusha compound: sva (own) + pitṛ (father).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+pitṛ)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun/adjective
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Savitā.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were, almost

(indeclinable)