महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-278, verse-20

नित्यशश्चार्जवं तस्मिन्स्थितिस्तस्यैव च ध्रुवा ।
संक्षेपतस्तपोवृद्धैः शीलवृद्धैश्च कथ्यते ॥२०॥

20. nityaśaścārjavaṁ tasminsthitistasyaiva ca dhruvā ,
saṁkṣepatastapovṛddhaiḥ śīlavṛddhaiśca kathyate.

20. nityaśaḥ ca ārjavam tasmin sthitiḥ tasya eva ca dhruvā
saṃkṣepataḥ tapovṛddhaiḥ śīlavṛddhaiḥ ca kathyate

20. And in him there is constant honesty, and his steadfastness is unwavering. In brief, he is thus described by those advanced in ascetic practices (tapas) and those mature in good conduct.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly, always, perpetually

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - honesty, straightforwardness, sincerity

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - In Dyumatsena's son. (in him, in that)

• स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - His unwavering resolve/steadfastness in character. (steadfastness, stability, position, resolve)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Dyumatsena's son. (of him, his, of that)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that his steadfastness is his alone. (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• ध्रुवा (dhruvā) - Describes his steadfastness (sthiti). (firm, constant, steady, unwavering)

• संक्षेपतः (saṁkṣepataḥ) - in brief, concisely, summarily

• तपोवृद्धैः (tapovṛddhaiḥ) - By ascetics or sages who have achieved spiritual maturity through severe discipline. (by those mature in austerity (tapas), by those grown old in penance)

• शीलवृद्धैः (śīlavṛddhaiḥ) - By elders or sages known for their virtuous behavior and character. (by those mature in good conduct, by those advanced in character)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is described, is told, is spoken

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

From nitya (constant) + śas suffix (indicating manner or repetition).

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - honesty, straightforwardness, sincerity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārjava

ārjava - honesty, straightforwardness, sincerity, integrity

From ṛju (straight)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - In Dyumatsena's son. (in him, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - His unwavering resolve/steadfastness in character. (steadfastness, stability, position, resolve)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, position, state, steadfastness, firmness, stability, resolve

From root √sthā (to stand)

Root: √sthā (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Dyumatsena's son. (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that his steadfastness is his alone. (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

ध्रुवा (dhruvā) - Describes his steadfastness (sthiti). (firm, constant, steady, unwavering)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - firm, constant, steady, fixed, certain, unwavering

From root √dhru (to be firm, stable)

Root: √dhru (class 1)

संक्षेपतः (saṁkṣepataḥ) - in brief, concisely, summarily

(indeclinable)

From saṃkṣepa (summary) + -tas suffix.

तपोवृद्धैः (tapovṛddhaiḥ) - By ascetics or sages who have achieved spiritual maturity through severe discipline. (by those mature in austerity (tapas), by those grown old in penance)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tapovṛddha

tapovṛddha - mature in austerity (tapas), advanced in ascetic practices, aged through penance

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (tapas+vṛddha)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat, religious practice (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  From root √tap (to heat, to perform austerities)
  Root: √tap (class 1)
• vṛddha – aged, old, mature, grown, increased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to persons (sages/elders).

शीलवृद्धैः (śīlavṛddhaiḥ) - By elders or sages known for their virtuous behavior and character. (by those mature in good conduct, by those advanced in character)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śīlavṛddha

śīlavṛddha - mature in conduct, advanced in character, aged through good behavior

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (śīla+vṛddha)

• śīla – conduct, character, good disposition, virtue
  noun (neuter)
• vṛddha – aged, old, mature, grown, increased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to persons (sages/elders).

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is described, is told, is spoken

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Present Passive

Derived from root √kath (denominal from kathā 'story')

Root: √kath (class 10)