महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-278, verse-11

नारद उवाच ।
अहो बत महत्पापं सावित्र्या नृपते कृतम् ।
अजानन्त्या यदनया गुणवान्सत्यवान्वृतः ॥११॥

11. nārada uvāca ,
aho bata mahatpāpaṁ sāvitryā nṛpate kṛtam ,
ajānantyā yadanayā guṇavānsatyavānvṛtaḥ.

11. nāradaḥ uvāca | aho bata mahat pāpam sāvitryā nṛpate
kṛtam | ajānantyā yat anayā guṇavān satyavān vṛtaḥ

11. Nārada said, 'Oh, alas, O King, Sāvitrī has unknowingly committed a great misfortune (pāpa) by choosing the virtuous Satyavān.'

Words meanings summery:

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अहो (aho) - Oh!, alas!, ah!

• बत (bata) - alas!, Oh! (an exclamation of sorrow, pity, or surprise)

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• पापम् (pāpam) - misfortune or calamity that Sāvitrī has unwittingly brought upon herself (sin, evil, misfortune, wrong)

• सावित्र्या (sāvitryā) - by Sāvitrī

• नृपते (nṛpate) - O King! (vocative) (O King!, of the king)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

• अजानन्त्या (ajānantyā) - by Sāvitrī, who is unknowing (of Satyavān's fate) (by the unknowing one, by one not knowing)

• यत् (yat) - because (that, because, what)

• अनया (anayā) - by her (Sāvitrī) (by her, by this (feminine))

• गुणवान् (guṇavān) - virtuous, possessing good qualities

• सत्यवान् (satyavān) - the name of the prince (Satyavān (name), truthful one)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected

Words meanings and morphology

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (name of a celestial sage, son of Brahmā)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

Perfect active 3rd person singular of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अहो (aho) - Oh!, alas!, ah!

(indeclinable)

बत (bata) - alas!, Oh! (an exclamation of sorrow, pity, or surprise)

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, important

पापम् (pāpam) - misfortune or calamity that Sāvitrī has unwittingly brought upon herself (sin, evil, misfortune, wrong)

(noun)

neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, bad, wrong, misfortune, calamity

सावित्र्या (sāvitryā) - by Sāvitrī

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sāvitrī

sāvitrī - Sāvitrī (name of a princess)

नृपते (nṛpate) - O King! (vocative) (O King!, of the king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord (lit. lord of men)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ- (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अजानन्त्या (ajānantyā) - by Sāvitrī, who is unknowing (of Satyavān's fate) (by the unknowing one, by one not knowing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ajānatī

ajānatī - unknowing, ignorant, not knowing

Present Active Participle (feminine)

Formed from negative prefix 'a-' + root jñā- (to know) + -at (present participle suffix) + ī (feminine ending)

Prefix: a

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Sāvitrī.

यत् (yat) - because (that, because, what)

(indeclinable)

अनया (anayā) - by her (Sāvitrī) (by her, by this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to Sāvitrī.

गुणवान् (guṇavān) - virtuous, possessing good qualities

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇavat

guṇavat - virtuous, excellent, possessing good qualities

Possessive adjective formed with -vat suffix

सत्यवान् (satyavān) - the name of the prince (Satyavān (name), truthful one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavat

satyavat - truthful, honest, possessing truth

Possessive adjective formed with -vat suffix

Note: The name of Dyumatsena's son.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - chosen, selected, desired, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ- (to choose) or vṛ- (to cover)

Root: vṛ (class 5)