महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-278, verse-12

सत्यं वदत्यस्य पिता सत्यं माता प्रभाषते ।
ततोऽस्य ब्राह्मणाश्चक्रुर्नामैतत्सत्यवानिति ॥१२॥

12. satyaṁ vadatyasya pitā satyaṁ mātā prabhāṣate ,
tato'sya brāhmaṇāścakrurnāmaitatsatyavāniti.

12. satyam vadati asya pitā satyam mātā prabhāṣate |
tataḥ asya brāhmaṇāḥ cakruḥ nāma etat satyavān iti

12. His father speaks the truth, and his mother also speaks the truth; hence, the Brāhmaṇas gave him the name Satyavān.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly

• वदति (vadati) - speaks, says

• अस्य (asya) - of Satyavān (his, of him/this)

• पिता (pitā) - Dyumatsena (father)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly

• माता (mātā) - mother

• प्रभाषते (prabhāṣate) - speaks, converses, declares

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, hence (then, therefore, from that)

• अस्य (asya) - of Satyavān (his, of him/this)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas, priests, members of the priestly class

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they gave (a name) (they did, they made)

• नाम (nāma) - name, by name

• एतत् (etat) - this (name) (this, this one)

• सत्यवान् (satyavān) - the name itself (Satyavān (name), truthful one)

• इति (iti) - introduces or concludes a direct quote or thought (thus, so, in this manner)

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, real, true

Note: Can also be an adverb 'truly'.

वदति (vadati) - speaks, says

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vad

Present Tense

Present active 3rd person singular of √vad

Root: vad (class 1)

अस्य (asya) - of Satyavān (his, of him/this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to Satyavān.

पिता (pitā) - Dyumatsena (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Refers to Dyumatsena.

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, real, true

Note: Can also be an adverb 'truly'.

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

प्रभाषते (prabhāṣate) - speaks, converses, declares

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bhāṣ

Present Tense

Present middle 3rd person singular of √bhāṣ with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, hence (then, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of Satyavān (his, of him/this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to Satyavān.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas, priests, members of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brāhmaṇa, priest, member of the priestly class

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they gave (a name) (they did, they made)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Tense

Perfect active 3rd person plural of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नाम (nāma) - name, by name

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, noun

एतत् (etat) - this (name) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the name 'Satyavān'.

सत्यवान् (satyavān) - the name itself (Satyavān (name), truthful one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavat

satyavat - truthful, honest, possessing truth

Possessive adjective formed with -vat suffix

इति (iti) - introduces or concludes a direct quote or thought (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)