महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-274, verse-23

तां मायां विकृतां दृष्ट्वा दशग्रीवस्य रक्षसः ।
भयात्प्रदुद्रुवुः सर्वे वानराः सर्वतोदिशम् ॥२३॥

23. tāṁ māyāṁ vikṛtāṁ dṛṣṭvā daśagrīvasya rakṣasaḥ ,
bhayātpradudruvuḥ sarve vānarāḥ sarvatodiśam.

23. tām māyām vikṛtām dṛṣṭvā daśagrīvasya rakṣasaḥ
bhayāt pradudruvuḥ sarve vānarāḥ sarvatodiśam

23. Seeing that monstrous illusion (māyā) created by the demon Dashagriva (Ravana), all the monkeys, seized by fear, fled in every direction.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that

• मायाम् (māyām) - illusion, magical power, trickery

• विकृताम् (vikṛtām) - monstrous, distorted, deformed, altered

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• दशग्रीवस्य (daśagrīvasya) - of Dashagriva, of Ravana

• रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon, of the Rakshasa

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• प्रदुद्रुवुः (pradudruvuḥ) - ran away, fled forth

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys, apes

• सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions, towards all directions

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Agrees with 'māyām'.

मायाम् (māyām) - illusion, magical power, trickery

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magical power, artifice, trickery (māyā)

विकृताम् (vikṛtām) - monstrous, distorted, deformed, altered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vikṛta

vikṛta - changed, altered, distorted, deformed, monstrous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √kṛ (to do, make) with the prefix vi- and the suffix -kta.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ

Note: Agrees with 'māyām'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) form.

दशग्रीवस्य (daśagrīvasya) - of Dashagriva, of Ravana

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - Dashagriva (a name of Ravana, meaning 'ten-necked')

Note: Possessive, 'of Dashagriva'.

रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon, of the Rakshasa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, Rakshasa, evil spirit

Note: Agrees with 'daśagrīvasya'.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, dread

प्रदुद्रुवुः (pradudruvuḥ) - ran away, fled forth

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of dru

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'vānarāḥ'.

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys, apes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions, towards all directions

(indeclinable)