महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-225, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
एवं वने वर्तमाना नराग्र्याः शीतोष्णवातातपकर्शिताङ्गाः ।
सरस्तदासाद्य वनं च पुण्यं ततः परं किमकुर्वन्त पार्थाः ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
evaṁ vane vartamānā narāgryāḥ; śītoṣṇavātātapakarśitāṅgāḥ ,
sarastadāsādya vanaṁ ca puṇyaṁ; tataḥ paraṁ kimakurvanta pārthāḥ.

1. janamejaya uvāca evaṃ vane vartamānā
narāgryāḥ śītoṣṇavātātapakārśitāṅgāḥ
saras tadā āsādya vanaṃ ca puṇyaṃ
tataḥ paraṃ kim akurvanta pārthāḥ

1. Janamejaya asked, "What did the sons of Pṛthā do after that, when those foremost among men, whose bodies had become emaciated by cold, heat, wind, and sun, were living in the forest and had then reached a lake and a sacred forest?"

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• वने (vane) - in the forest, in the wood

• वर्तमाना (vartamānā) - remaining, being, existing

• नराग्र्याः (narāgryāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (foremost among men, excellent men)

• शीतोष्णवातातपकार्शिताङ्गाः (śītoṣṇavātātapakārśitāṅgāḥ) - whose bodies were emaciated by cold, heat, wind, and sun

• सरस् (saras) - lake, pond

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having obtained

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• च (ca) - and

• पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - sacred, holy, meritorious

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• परम् (param) - after, further, beyond

• किम् (kim) - what?

• अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pṛthā)

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (a proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense form of the root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

वने (vane) - in the forest, in the wood

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

वर्तमाना (vartamānā) - remaining, being, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the root vṛt (class 1)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

नराग्र्याः (narāgryāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (foremost among men, excellent men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narāgrya

narāgrya - foremost among men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+agrya)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• agrya – foremost, chief, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

शीतोष्णवातातपकार्शिताङ्गाः (śītoṣṇavātātapakārśitāṅgāḥ) - whose bodies were emaciated by cold, heat, wind, and sun

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śītoṣṇavātātapakārśitāṅga

śītoṣṇavātātapakārśitāṅga - having bodies emaciated by cold, heat, wind, and sun

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīta+uṣṇa+vāta+ātapa+kārśita+aṅga)

• śīta – cold, coolness
  noun (neuter)
• uṣṇa – heat, warmth
  noun (neuter)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• ātapa – sunshine, heat of the sun
  noun (masculine)
• kārśita – emaciated, weakened, thin
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of the root kṛś
  Root: kṛś (class 4)
• aṅga – body, limb, part
  noun (neuter)

सरस् (saras) - lake, pond

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root sad with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - sacred, holy, meritorious

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, auspicious, virtuous, meritorious

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - after, further, beyond

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adverbially 'after that'.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? who? which?

अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect tense form of the root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

Derived from Pṛthā with the aṇ suffix denoting 'descendant'