महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-206, verse-33
युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अत्यद्भुतमिदं ब्रह्मन्धर्माख्यानमनुत्तमम् ।
सर्वधर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठ कथितं द्विजसत्तम ॥३३॥
अत्यद्भुतमिदं ब्रह्मन्धर्माख्यानमनुत्तमम् ।
सर्वधर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठ कथितं द्विजसत्तम ॥३३॥
33. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
atyadbhutamidaṁ brahmandharmākhyānamanuttamam ,
sarvadharmabhṛtāṁ śreṣṭha kathitaṁ dvijasattama.
atyadbhutamidaṁ brahmandharmākhyānamanuttamam ,
sarvadharmabhṛtāṁ śreṣṭha kathitaṁ dvijasattama.
33.
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | atyadbhutam idam brahman dharmākhyānam
anuttamam | sarvadharmabhṛtām śreṣṭha kathitam dvijasattama
anuttamam | sarvadharmabhṛtām śreṣṭha kathitam dvijasattama
33.
Yudhiṣṭhira said: 'O Brahmin, O best among all who uphold natural law (dharma), O best among the twice-born, this narration of natural law (dharma) that has been recounted is truly amazing and unsurpassed.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The speaker's name. (Yudhiṣṭhira)
- उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke
- अत्यद्भुतम् (atyadbhutam) - very wonderful, extraordinary
- इदम् (idam) - this (narration) (this, this one)
- ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (addressing the speaker of the previous verses, presumably Vyasa or another sage) (O Brahmin, O learned one)
- धर्माख्यानम् (dharmākhyānam) - narration of natural law (dharma) (narration of dharma, explanation of duty)
- अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, unequalled, supreme
- सर्वधर्मभृताम् (sarvadharmabhṛtām) - of all who uphold natural law (dharma)
- श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one (O best, O most excellent)
- कथितम् (kathitam) - has been recounted (told, narrated, recounted)
- द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the Brahmins (O best among the twice-born)
Words meanings and morphology
युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The speaker's name. (Yudhiṣṭhira)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira
yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (firm in battle)
उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
perfect tense
Irregular perfect form from root 'vac'.
Root: vac (class 2)
अत्यद्भुतम् (atyadbhutam) - very wonderful, extraordinary
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of atyadbhuta
atyadbhuta - very wonderful, extraordinary, highly surprising
Compound of 'ati' (very) and 'adbhuta' (wonderful).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+adbhuta)
- ati – very, exceeding, over
indeclinable
Preposition/prefix - adbhuta – wonderful, marvelous, astonishing
adjective (neuter)
From root 'bhū' (to be) + 'ad'.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'idam dharmākhyānam'.
इदम् (idam) - this (narration) (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
From pronominal stem 'idám'.
Note: Agrees with 'dharmākhyānam'.
ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (addressing the speaker of the previous verses, presumably Vyasa or another sage) (O Brahmin, O learned one)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - Brahmin, priest, learned person, a hymn, the Absolute (brahman)
Root: bṛh (class 1)
धर्माख्यानम् (dharmākhyānam) - narration of natural law (dharma) (narration of dharma, explanation of duty)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dharmākhyāna
dharmākhyāna - narration of dharma, description of duty
Tatpurusha compound of 'dharma' and 'ākhyāna'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+ākhyāna)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue
noun (masculine)
From root 'dhṛ'.
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - ākhyāna – narration, story, legend
noun (neuter)
From root 'khyā' with 'ā' prefix, and suffix 'ana'.
Prefix: ā
Root: khyā (class 2)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, unequalled, supreme
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of anuttama
anuttama - unsurpassed, unequalled, supreme, excellent
Compound of 'an' (not) and 'uttama' (highest).
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+uttama)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative particle. - uttama – highest, best, supreme
adjective (masculine)
Superlative of 'ud' (up) or 'ut'.
Note: Agrees with 'dharmākhyānam'.
सर्वधर्मभृताम् (sarvadharmabhṛtām) - of all who uphold natural law (dharma)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadharmabhṛt
sarvadharmabhṛt - upholder of all natural law (dharma), one who observes all duties
Tatpurusha compound of 'sarva' and 'dharmabhṛt'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+dharmabhṛt)
- sarva – all, every, entire
adjective (masculine) - dharmabhṛt – upholder of dharma, righteous one
noun (masculine)
Compound of 'dharma' and 'bhṛt' (from root 'bhṛ').
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one (O best, O most excellent)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha
śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior
Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).
Root: praśas
Note: Qualifies the addressed Brahmin.
कथितम् (kathitam) - has been recounted (told, narrated, recounted)
(participle)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita
kathita - told, narrated, said
Past Passive Participle
From root 'kath' (to tell).
Root: kath (class 10)
द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the Brahmins (O best among the twice-born)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama
dvijasattama - best among the twice-born, best Brahmin
Tatpurusha compound of 'dvija' and 'sattama'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, or bird, tooth)
noun (masculine)
From 'dvi' (twice) + root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4) - sattama – best, most excellent, most virtuous
adjective (masculine)
Superlative of 'sat'.
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Refers to the speaker addressing Yudhiṣṭhira, or it could be Yudhiṣṭhira addressing a Brahmin. Given it follows 'brahman' and 'śreṣṭha', it's Yudhiṣṭhira addressing the Brahmin.