महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-206, verse-20

असंतोषपरा मूढाः संतोषं यान्ति पण्डिताः ।
असंतोषस्य नास्त्यन्तस्तुष्टिस्तु परमं सुखम् ।
न शोचन्ति गताध्वानः पश्यन्तः परमां गतिम् ॥२०॥

20. asaṁtoṣaparā mūḍhāḥ saṁtoṣaṁ yānti paṇḍitāḥ ,
asaṁtoṣasya nāstyantastuṣṭistu paramaṁ sukham ,
na śocanti gatādhvānaḥ paśyantaḥ paramāṁ gatim.

20. asaṃtoṣaparāḥ mūḍhāḥ saṃtoṣam yānti
paṇḍitāḥ asaṃtoṣasya na asti antaḥ
tuṣṭiḥ tu paramam sukham na śocanti
gatādhvānaḥ paśyantaḥ paramām gatim

20. The deluded (mūḍhāḥ) are inclined towards discontent, whereas the wise (paṇḍitāḥ) attain contentment. There is no end to discontent, but satisfaction is the highest happiness. Those who have traversed the path (gatādhvānaḥ), perceiving the supreme goal (paramāṃ gatim), do not grieve.

Words meanings summery:

• असंतोषपराः (asaṁtoṣaparāḥ) - devoted to discontent, prone to dissatisfaction

• मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - deluded ones, fools, ignorant people

• संतोषम् (saṁtoṣam) - contentment, satisfaction

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain, they reach

• पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - wise ones, learned persons, scholars

• असंतोषस्य (asaṁtoṣasya) - of discontent, of dissatisfaction

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - end, limit, boundary

• तुष्टिः (tuṣṭiḥ) - satisfaction, contentment

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, ease

• न (na) - not, no

• शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they grieve, they lament

• गताध्वानः (gatādhvānaḥ) - those who have traversed the path, travellers

• पश्यन्तः (paśyantaḥ) - seeing, perceiving, observing

• परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• गतिम् (gatim) - goal, destination, path, state

Words meanings and morphology

असंतोषपराः (asaṁtoṣaparāḥ) - devoted to discontent, prone to dissatisfaction

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asaṃtoṣapara

asaṁtoṣapara - intent on dissatisfaction, devoted to discontent

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asaṃtoṣa+para)

• asaṃtoṣa – discontent, dissatisfaction
  noun (masculine)
  Negative of saṃtoṣa
• para – devoted to, intent on, supreme, other
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying `mūḍhāḥ`.

मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - deluded ones, fools, ignorant people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - deluded, foolish, ignorant, bewildered, fool

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √muh (to be deluded)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Subject.

संतोषम् (saṁtoṣam) - contentment, satisfaction

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃtoṣa

saṁtoṣa - contentment, satisfaction, gratification

From sam-√tuṣ

Prefix: sam

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of `yānti`.

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain, they reach

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of yā

Present Tense

Conjugated form of √yā

Root: yā (class 2)

पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - wise ones, learned persons, scholars

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, pundit

From paṇḍā (wisdom) + -ita

Note: Subject of `yānti`.

असंतोषस्य (asaṁtoṣasya) - of discontent, of dissatisfaction

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of asaṃtoṣa

asaṁtoṣa - discontent, dissatisfaction

Negative of saṃtoṣa

Note: Genitive of possession, "of discontent".

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of as

Present Tense

Conjugated form of √as

Root: as (class 2)

अन्तः (antaḥ) - end, limit, boundary

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary, conclusion

Note: Subject of `asti`.

तुष्टिः (tuṣṭiḥ) - satisfaction, contentment

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tuṣṭi

tuṣṭi - satisfaction, contentment, gratification

From √tuṣ

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, best, excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative of ut, "ut" meaning "up" or "out"

Note: Adjective modifying `sukham`.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, ease

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, ease, pleasure, comfort

Note: Predicate nominative with implied 'is'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they grieve, they lament

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of śuc

Present Tense

Conjugated form of √śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

गताध्वानः (gatādhvānaḥ) - those who have traversed the path, travellers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gatādhvan

gatādhvan - one who has gone a journey, one who has traversed the path

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+adhvan)

• gata – gone, reached, attained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √gam
  Root: gam (class 1)
• adhvan – path, road, journey, course
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective used substantively, referring to those individuals. Subject of `śocanti`.

पश्यन्तः (paśyantaḥ) - seeing, perceiving, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, perceiving, spectator

Present Active Participle

Derived from √dṛś (to see), with `paśya` stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Participle modifying `gatādhvānaḥ`.

परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, best

Note: Adjective modifying `gatim`.

गतिम् (gatim) - goal, destination, path, state

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, course, destiny, state, goal

From √gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of `paśyantaḥ`.