महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-206, verse-21

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न विषादे मनः कार्यं विषादो विषमुत्तमम् ।
मारयत्यकृतप्रज्ञं बालं क्रुद्ध इवोरगः ॥२१॥

21. na viṣāde manaḥ kāryaṁ viṣādo viṣamuttamam ,
mārayatyakṛtaprajñaṁ bālaṁ kruddha ivoragaḥ.

21. na viṣāde manaḥ kāryam viṣādaḥ viṣam uttamam
mārayati akṛtaprajñam bālam kruddhaḥ iva uragaḥ

21. One should not allow the mind to dwell in despair (viṣāde), for despair is a potent poison (viṣam uttamam). It destroys the unwise person (akṛtaprajñam), just as an enraged serpent (kruddhaḥ uragaḥ) kills a child (bālam).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

न (na) - not, no

विषादे (viṣāde) - in despair, in sorrow, in dejection

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, should be made, duty

विषादः (viṣādaḥ) - despair, sorrow, dejection

विषम् (viṣam) - poison, venom

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, best, potent

मारयति (mārayati) - kills, causes to die, destroys

अकृतप्रज्ञम् (akṛtaprajñam) - unwise, foolish, one lacking wisdom

बालम् (bālam) - child, infant, foolish person

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry, enraged, furious

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

उरगः (uragaḥ) - serpent, snake

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विषादे (viṣāde) - in despair, in sorrow, in dejection

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - despair, sorrow, dejection, sadness

From vi-√sad (to sink down)

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: "In sorrow".

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness, thought

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the passive construction `kāryam`.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, should be made, duty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, duty, action, business

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective, `manas` is the implied subject.

विषादः (viṣādaḥ) - despair, sorrow, dejection

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - despair, sorrow, dejection, sadness

From vi-√sad (to sink down)

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Subject.

विषम् (viṣam) - poison, venom

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viṣa

viṣa - poison, venom

Note: Predicate nominative.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, best, potent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative of ut, "ut" meaning "up" or "out"

Note: Adjective modifying `viṣam`.

मारयति (mārayati) - kills, causes to die, destroys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of māray

Causative Present Tense

Causative of √mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is `viṣādaḥ` (implied).

अकृतप्रज्ञम् (akṛtaprajñam) - unwise, foolish, one lacking wisdom

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akṛtaprajña

akṛtaprajña - not wise, ignorant, one who has not developed wisdom

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (akṛta+prajñā)

akṛta – not done, not made, undone
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Negative of kṛta, derived from √kṛ
Prefix: a
Root: kṛ (class 8)
prajñā – wisdom, insight, intelligence, knowledge
noun (feminine)
Prefix: pra
Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of `mārayati`.

बालम् (bālam) - child, infant, foolish person

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young boy/girl, immature, foolish, simpleton

Note: Object of `mārayati` in the simile.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry, enraged, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √krudh