महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-206, verse-30

स तु गत्वा द्विजः सर्वां शुश्रूषां कृतवांस्तदा ।
मातापितृभ्यां वृद्धाभ्यां यथान्यायं सुसंशितः ॥३०॥

30. sa tu gatvā dvijaḥ sarvāṁ śuśrūṣāṁ kṛtavāṁstadā ,
mātāpitṛbhyāṁ vṛddhābhyāṁ yathānyāyaṁ susaṁśitaḥ.

30. saḥ tu gatvā dvijaḥ sarvām śuśrūṣām kṛtavān tadā
mātāpitṛbhyām vṛddhābhyām yathānyāyam susaṃśitaḥ

30. But that twice-born (dvija), having gone (home), then performed all due service to his aged mother and father appropriately, being very disciplined (susaṃśita).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तु (tu) - but, however

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmin)

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, entire

• शुश्रूषाम् (śuśrūṣām) - service, desire to serve, obedience

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did, he performed (past action)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मातापितृभ्याम् (mātāpitṛbhyām) - for/to his mother and father

• वृद्धाभ्याम् (vṛddhābhyām) - for/to the aged, old (dual)

• यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - according to justice, appropriately, rightly

• सुसंशितः (susaṁśitaḥ) - very disciplined, well-restrained, highly refined

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth

Derived from dvi (twice) and jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with śuśrūṣām (feminine noun).

शुश्रूषाम् (śuśrūṣām) - service, desire to serve, obedience

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā

śuśrūṣā - service, desire to hear, obedience, reverence

Derived from root śru (to hear) with desiderative prefix and -ā suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did, he performed (past action)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - one who has done/made/performed

Past Active Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do/make) with suffix -tavat.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in Epic Sanskrit.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

मातापितृभ्याम् (mātāpitṛbhyām) - for/to his mother and father

(noun)

Dative, dual, dual of mātāpitṛ

mātāpitṛ - mother and father (parents)

Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

Note: Can be instrumental, dative, or ablative dual. Dative is implied by context of service.

वृद्धाभ्याम् (vṛddhābhyām) - for/to the aged, old (dual)

(adjective)

Dative, dual, dual of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with suffix -ta.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mātāpitṛbhyām.

यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - according to justice, appropriately, rightly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• nyāya – rule, method, justice, logic, propriety
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ni-i (to go, enter) with prefix ni-.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: i (class 2)

सुसंशितः (susaṁśitaḥ) - very disciplined, well-restrained, highly refined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susaṃśita

susaṁśita - well-sharpened, well-disciplined, highly trained

Compound type : pra-tatpuruṣa (su+saṃśita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Adverbial prefix indicating excellence or completeness.
• saṃśita – sharpened, disciplined, restrained, determined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śi (to sharpen, discipline) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śi (class 7)