महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-206, verse-31

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं निखिलेन युधिष्ठिर ।
पृष्टवानसि यं तात धर्मं धर्मभृतां वर ॥३१॥

31. etatte sarvamākhyātaṁ nikhilena yudhiṣṭhira ,
pṛṣṭavānasi yaṁ tāta dharmaṁ dharmabhṛtāṁ vara.

31. etat te sarvam ākhyātam nikhilena yudhiṣṭhira |
pṛṣṭavān asi yam tāta dharmam dharmabhṛtām vara

31. O Yudhiṣṭhira, best among those who uphold natural law (dharma), O dear one, all this has been fully explained to you concerning the natural law (dharma) about which you inquired.

31. הו יוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה, סיפרתי לך את כל זה בשלמותו. הו יקירי, מעולה שבנושאי דרך היושר, זו דרך היושר ששאלת עליה.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this entire explanation (this, this one)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, of you)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of this (explanation) (all, entire, everything)

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been narrated (narrated, described, explained)

• निखिलेन (nikhilena) - completely, entirely, in full

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Addressed directly. (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

• पृष्टवान् (pṛṣṭavān) - you who have asked (having asked, he who asked)

• असि (asi) - you are

• यम् (yam) - about which (dharma) (whom, which)

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address) (O dear one, O father, O child)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness)

• धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold dharma

• वर (vara) - O best one, O excellent one (best, excellent, boon)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this entire explanation (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, this one

Note: From pronominal stem 'etad'.

ते (te) - to you (to you, of you)

(pronoun)

singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: This is an enclitic form.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of this (explanation) (all, entire, everything)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with 'etat'.

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been narrated (narrated, described, explained)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, narrated, explained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'khyā' (to tell) with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'etat sarvam'.

निखिलेन (nikhilena) - completely, entirely, in full

(adjective)

Instrumental, singular of nikhila

nikhila - entire, whole, complete

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'completely'.

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Addressed directly. (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (firm in battle)

पृष्टवान् (pṛṣṭavān) - you who have asked (having asked, he who asked)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭavat

pṛṣṭavat - having asked

Past Active Participle

From root 'prach' (to ask) + suffix 'ktavat'.

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Refers to the subject 'asi' (you).

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms a compound verb with 'pṛṣṭavān'.

यम् (yam) - about which (dharma) (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address) (O dear one, O father, O child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, son

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue, righteousness, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pṛṣṭavān'.

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold dharma

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmabhṛt

dharmabhṛt - upholder of dharma, righteous one

Compound of 'dharma' and 'bhṛt' (from root 'bhṛ' to bear/uphold).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+bhṛt)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ'.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• bhṛt – bearing, upholding, maintaining
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root 'bhṛ'
  From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, uphold) + kvip suffix.
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

वर (vara) - O best one, O excellent one (best, excellent, boon)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, boon, choice

From root 'vṛ' (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Yudhiṣṭhira.

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