महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-206, verse-29

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
बाढमित्येव तं व्याधः कृताञ्जलिरुवाच ह ।
प्रदक्षिणमथो कृत्वा प्रस्थितो द्विजसत्तमः ॥२९॥

29. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
bāḍhamityeva taṁ vyādhaḥ kṛtāñjaliruvāca ha ,
pradakṣiṇamatho kṛtvā prasthito dvijasattamaḥ.

29. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca bāḍham iti eva tam vyādhaḥ kṛtāñjaliḥ
uvāca ha pradakṣiṇam atho kṛtvā prasthitaḥ dvijasattamaḥ

29. Mārkaṇḍeya said: "The hunter, with folded hands, indeed replied to him, 'Certainly!' Then, after circumambulating him clockwise, the best among the twice-born (dvijasattama) departed."

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• बाढम् (bāḍham) - certainly, indeed, very well

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or thought)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine, accusative)

• व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - the hunter, fowler

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation from left to right (clockwise), respectful reverence

• अथो (atho) - then, further, moreover

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, after doing/performing

• प्रस्थितः (prasthitaḥ) - departed, set out, gone forth

• द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - the best among the twice-born (Brahmins)

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Name of a celebrated ancient sage, son of Mṛkaṇḍu

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

बाढम् (bāḍham) - certainly, indeed, very well

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter singular accusative.

इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine, accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - the hunter, fowler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyādha

vyādha - hunter, fowler, killer

Derived from root vyadh (to pierce, strike).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - one with folded hands (as a sign of respect or prayer)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do/make) with suffix -ta.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – folded hands, cupped hands (for offering or reverence)
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation from left to right (clockwise), respectful reverence

(indeclinable)

Prefix: pra

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially as 'clockwise'.

अथो (atho) - then, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, after doing/performing

(indeclinable)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

प्रस्थितः (prasthitaḥ) - departed, set out, gone forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasthita

prasthita - departed, set out, started, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix pra- and suffix -ta.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used as predicate adjective referring to the subject.

द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - the best among the twice-born (Brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dvi (twice) and jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama added to sat (good/existent).
  Root: as (class 2)