महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-159, verse-7

अकालज्ञः सुदुर्मेधाः कार्याणामविशेषवित् ।
वृथाचारसमारम्भः प्रेत्य चेह च नश्यति ॥७॥

7. akālajñaḥ sudurmedhāḥ kāryāṇāmaviśeṣavit ,
vṛthācārasamārambhaḥ pretya ceha ca naśyati.

7. akālajñaḥ sudurmedhāḥ kāryāṇām aviśeṣavit
vṛthācārasamārambhaḥ pretya ca iha ca naśyati

7. One who does not know the proper time, is extremely dull-witted, lacks discrimination regarding actions, and whose undertakings are futile, perishes both in this world and after death.

7. מי שאינו מכיר את העיתוי, קהה שכל, אינו מבחין בין משימה למשימה ומתחיל בפעולות ריקות, יאבד הן בעולם הזה והן לאחר המוות.

Words meanings summery:

• अकालज्ञः (akālajñaḥ) - one who does not know the proper time, unaware of the right time

• सुदुर्मेधाः (sudurmedhāḥ) - very dull-witted, extremely foolish, very ignorant

• कार्याणाम् (kāryāṇām) - of actions, of tasks, of duties

• अविशेषवित् (aviśeṣavit) - not knowing distinctions, indiscriminating

• वृथाचारसमारम्भः (vṛthācārasamārambhaḥ) - one whose undertakings or actions are futile, one whose efforts are in vain

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, having died, in the next world

• च (ca) - and, also

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

• च (ca) - and, also

• नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, disappears

Words meanings and morphology

अकालज्ञः (akālajñaḥ) - one who does not know the proper time, unaware of the right time

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akālajña

akālajña - ignorant of time, one who does not know the proper season or occasion

Compound type : na-tatpurusha (a+kālajña)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• kālajña – one who knows the time, knowing the proper time
  adjective (masculine)

सुदुर्मेधाः (sudurmedhāḥ) - very dull-witted, extremely foolish, very ignorant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurmedhas

sudurmedhas - very dull-witted, extremely foolish

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+dur+medhas)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  prefix intensifying the meaning
• dur – bad, ill, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• medhas – intellect, understanding, wisdom
  noun (neuter)

कार्याणाम् (kāryāṇām) - of actions, of tasks, of duties

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of kārya

kārya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, action, task

Gerundive

derived from root kṛ with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अविशेषवित् (aviśeṣavit) - not knowing distinctions, indiscriminating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aviśeṣavid

aviśeṣavid - one who does not know distinctions, indiscriminating, ignorant of specific differences

Compound type : na-tatpurusha (a+viśeṣavit)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• viśeṣavid – one who knows distinctions, discriminating
  adjective (masculine)

वृथाचारसमारम्भः (vṛthācārasamārambhaḥ) - one whose undertakings or actions are futile, one whose efforts are in vain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛthācārasamārambha

vṛthācārasamārambha - one whose undertakings are in vain

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vṛthā+ācāra+samārambha)

• vṛthā – in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly
  indeclinable
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice, action
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
• samārambha – commencement, undertaking, effort
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)

प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, having died, in the next world

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

derived from root i with prefix pra, and suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, disappears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of naś

Root: naś (class 4)

Previous Verse Next Verse