महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-159, verse-1

वैश्रवण उवाच ।
युधिष्ठिर धृतिर्दाक्ष्यं देशकालौ पराक्रमः ।
लोकतन्त्रविधानानामेष पञ्चविधो विधिः ॥१॥

1. vaiśravaṇa uvāca ,
yudhiṣṭhira dhṛtirdākṣyaṁ deśakālau parākramaḥ ,
lokatantravidhānānāmeṣa pañcavidho vidhiḥ.

1. vaiśravaṇa uvāca yudhiṣṭhira dhṛtiḥ dākṣyam deśakālau
parākramaḥ lokatantravidhānānām eṣaḥ pañcavidhaḥ vidhiḥ

1. Vaiśravaṇa said: 'O Yudhiṣṭhira, fortitude, skill, (understanding of) place and time, and prowess – this is the five-fold principle for the administration of public affairs (lokatantra).'

Words meanings summery:

• वैश्रवण (vaiśravaṇa) - Another name for Kubera, the god of wealth (Vaiśravaṇa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

• धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - fortitude, steadfastness, firmness

• दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - skill, dexterity, efficiency

• देशकालौ (deśakālau) - place and time

• पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - valor, prowess, courage, effort

• लोकतन्त्रविधानानाम् (lokatantravidhānānām) - of the principles for the administration of public affairs (of the arrangements/governance of the people/world)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• पञ्चविधः (pañcavidhaḥ) - five-fold, of five kinds

• विधिः (vidhiḥ) - rule, method, principle, ordinance

Words meanings and morphology

वैश्रवण (vaiśravaṇa) - Another name for Kubera, the god of wealth (Vaiśravaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśravaṇa

vaiśravaṇa - Vaiśravaṇa (name of Kubera)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava, meaning 'firm in battle')

Aluk-ṣaṣṭhī Tatpuruṣa compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : Aluk-ṣaṣṭhī Tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight, war
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, unmoving
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - fortitude, steadfastness, firmness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - fortitude, steadfastness, firmness, courage, resolution

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - skill, dexterity, efficiency

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dākṣya

dākṣya - skill, dexterity, cleverness, efficiency, ability

Derived from dakṣa (skillful)

देशकालौ (deśakālau) - place and time

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of deśakāla

deśakāla - place and time, circumstances

Dvandva compound

Compound type : Dvandva (deśa+kāla)

• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - valor, prowess, courage, effort

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parākrama

parākrama - valor, prowess, courage, might, strength, enterprise

Derived from prefix parā- and root kram

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

लोकतन्त्रविधानानाम् (lokatantravidhānānām) - of the principles for the administration of public affairs (of the arrangements/governance of the people/world)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of lokatantravidhāna

lokatantravidhāna - ordinances of government; administration of public affairs; rules for statecraft

Tatpuruṣa compound: lokatantra + vidhāna

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpuruṣa (lokatantra+vidhāna)

• lokatantra – administration of people's affairs, governance of the world, democracy (rare)
  noun (neuter)
  Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpuruṣa compound: lokasya tantram (system of the people)
• vidhāna – arrangement, ordinance, rule, method, administration
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from vi-√dhā
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

पञ्चविधः (pañcavidhaḥ) - five-fold, of five kinds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcavidha

pañcavidha - five-fold, of five kinds

Compound of pañcan (five) and vidha (kind, sort)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (pañcan+vidha)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  suffix (masculine)
  Suffix forming adjectives indicating 'kind' or 'manner'.

विधिः (vidhiḥ) - rule, method, principle, ordinance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, injunction, method, manner, destiny, fate, ordinance, principle

From vi-√dhā

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)