महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-156, verse-28

उपासीनस्य धनदं तुम्बुरोः पर्वसंधिषु ।
गीतसामस्वनस्तात श्रूयते गन्धमादने ॥२८॥

28. upāsīnasya dhanadaṁ tumburoḥ parvasaṁdhiṣu ,
gītasāmasvanastāta śrūyate gandhamādane.

28. upāsīnasya dhanadam tumburoḥ parvasandhiṣu
gītasāmasvanaḥ tāta śrūyate gandhamādane

28. O dear one, on Mount Gandhamādana, the sound of Sāma songs is heard at the mountain ridges from Tumburu, who sits attending upon Kubera (dhanada).

28. הו יקירי, בגַנְדְהַמָאדַנַה נשמע בצמתי חצאי החודש קול שירת סָאמַה של טוּמְבּוּרוּ, המשרת את נותן העושר.

Words meanings summery:

• उपासीनस्य (upāsīnasya) - of one who sits in attendance (of one who is sitting near, of one who is attending)

• धनदम् (dhanadam) - Kubera (dhanada) (wealth-giver, Kubera)

• तुम्बुरोः (tumburoḥ) - of Tumburu (a Gandharva) (of Tumburu)

• पर्वसन्धिषु (parvasandhiṣu) - at the mountain ridges (in the joints of the mountains, at the mountain ridges)

• गीतसामस्वनः (gītasāmasvanaḥ) - the sound of Sāma songs

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address) (O father, O dear one)

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard (is heard, is listened to)

• गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - on Mount Gandhamādana (on Gandhamādana (mountain))

Words meanings and morphology

उपासीनस्य (upāsīnasya) - of one who sits in attendance (of one who is sitting near, of one who is attending)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upāsīna

upāsīna - sitting near, attending, serving

Present Middle Participle

From root ās (to sit) with upasarga upa (near, towards).

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Agrees with tumburoḥ.

धनदम् (dhanadam) - Kubera (dhanada) (wealth-giver, Kubera)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanada

dhanada - wealth-giver, bestower of riches, a name of Kubera

From dhana (wealth) + root dā (to give).

Compound type : upapada (dhana+da)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, giver
  adjective
  Krt suffix
  From root dā (to give) with ka suffix.
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Object of upāsīnasya.

तुम्बुरोः (tumburoḥ) - of Tumburu (a Gandharva) (of Tumburu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tumburu

tumburu - name of a Gandharva (celestial musician)

पर्वसन्धिषु (parvasandhiṣu) - at the mountain ridges (in the joints of the mountains, at the mountain ridges)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of parvasandhi

parvasandhi - mountain ridge, joint of a mountain

Tatpurusha compound. parva (joint/knot/section) + sandhi (junction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parva+sandhi)

• parva – knot, joint, section, chapter, mountain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• sandhi – junction, union, connection, sandhi
  noun (masculine)
  From sam + root dhā (to place).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

गीतसामस्वनः (gītasāmasvanaḥ) - the sound of Sāma songs

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gītasāmasvana

gītasāmasvana - sound of Sāma songs

Tatpurusha compound. gīta (sung) + sāma (Sāma Veda chant) + svana (sound).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gīta+sāma+svana)

• gīta – sung, song
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gai (to sing).
  Root: gai (class 1)
• sāman – Sāma Veda, chant, song
  noun (neuter)
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From root svan (to sound).
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Subject of śrūyate.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address) (O father, O dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard (is heard, is listened to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śrū

Present Passive

Root śru in passive voice (yak-infix). Middle ending.

Root: śru (class 5)

गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - on Mount Gandhamādana (on Gandhamādana (mountain))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gandhamādana

gandhamādana - name of a mythical mountain, intoxicating with fragrance

Bahuvrihi compound: gandha (fragrance) + mādana (intoxicating).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gandha+mādana)

• gandha – smell, fragrance, odor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gandh (class 10)
• mādana – intoxicating, exhilarating, maddening
  adjective (masculine)
  Krt suffix
  From root mad (to be intoxicated) + ana suffix.
  Root: mad (class 4)

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