महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-156, verse-24

चापलादिह गच्छन्तं पार्थ यानमतः परम् ।
अयःशूलादिभिर्घ्नन्ति राक्षसाः शत्रुसूदन ॥२४॥

24. cāpalādiha gacchantaṁ pārtha yānamataḥ param ,
ayaḥśūlādibhirghnanti rākṣasāḥ śatrusūdana.

24. cāpalāt iha gacchantam pārtha yānam ataḥ param
ayaḥśūlādibhiḥ ghnanti rākṣasāḥ śatrusūdana

24. O Pārtha, slayer of foes (śatrusūdana)! Here, those who proceed further in vehicles due to restlessness are struck by Rākṣasas with iron spears and other such weapons.

Words meanings summery:

• चापलात् (cāpalāt) - due to restlessness (from restlessness, from fickleness, due to agitation)

• इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - going (in vehicles) (going, moving, proceeding)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha, O Arjuna

• यानम् (yānam) - vehicle (vehicle, journey, path)

• अतः (ataḥ) - beyond this (point) (from this, hence, then, beyond this)

• परम् (param) - further, beyond (this point) (further, beyond, supreme, highest)

• अयःशूलादिभिः (ayaḥśūlādibhiḥ) - with iron spears and other similar weapons (with iron spears and the like)

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they strike, they attack (they strike, they kill, they hurt)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, Rākṣasas

• शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O slayer of foes

Words meanings and morphology

चापलात् (cāpalāt) - due to restlessness (from restlessness, from fickleness, due to agitation)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of cāpala

cāpala - restlessness, fickleness, agitation, swiftness

Derived from capala (restless) + aṇ suffix.

इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - going (in vehicles) (going, moving, proceeding)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

From root gam (to go) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Can be interpreted as referring to 'one who is going'.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha, O Arjuna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna (proper name)

Derived from Pṛthā (mother's name) + aṇ (patronymic).

यानम् (yānam) - vehicle (vehicle, journey, path)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yāna

yāna - going, moving, vehicle, journey, path

From root yā (to go) + lyuṭ suffix.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the mode of transport.

अतः (ataḥ) - beyond this (point) (from this, hence, then, beyond this)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to idam stem.

Note: Used with param, meaning 'beyond this'.

परम् (param) - further, beyond (this point) (further, beyond, supreme, highest)

(indeclinable)

Note: With 'ataḥ', it means 'beyond this'.

अयःशूलादिभिः (ayaḥśūlādibhiḥ) - with iron spears and other similar weapons (with iron spears and the like)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ayaḥśūlādi

ayaḥśūlādi - iron spears etc.

Compound type : dvandva (ayas+śūla+ādi)

• ayas – iron, metal
  noun (neuter)
• śūla – spear, pike, stake
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on
  indeclinable (masculine)

Note: Refers to the weapons used by the Rākṣasas.

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they strike, they attack (they strike, they kill, they hurt)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Conjugation of root han in present tense.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'rākṣasāḥ'.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, Rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rākṣasa (a class of malevolent beings)

Note: Subject of the verb 'ghnanti'.

शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O slayer of foes

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrusūdana

śatrusūdana - slayer of foes/enemies

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+sūdana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root sūd (to kill, destroy) + ana suffix.
  Root: sūd (class 10)