महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-156, verse-24

चापलादिह गच्छन्तं पार्थ यानमतः परम् ।
अयःशूलादिभिर्घ्नन्ति राक्षसाः शत्रुसूदन ॥२४॥

24. cāpalādiha gacchantaṁ pārtha yānamataḥ param ,
ayaḥśūlādibhirghnanti rākṣasāḥ śatrusūdana.

24. cāpalāt iha gacchantam pārtha yānam ataḥ param
ayaḥśūlādibhiḥ ghnanti rākṣasāḥ śatrusūdana

24. O Pārtha, slayer of foes (śatrusūdana)! Here, those who proceed further in vehicles due to restlessness are struck by Rākṣasas with iron spears and other such weapons.

24. הו פָּארְטְהַא מכלה האויבים, מי שהולך הלאה מכאן בקלות דעת, הרָאקְשַׁסַה מכים בו בחניתות ברזל ובדומיהן.

Words meanings summery:

• चापलात् (cāpalāt) - due to restlessness (from restlessness, from fickleness, due to agitation)

• इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - going (in vehicles) (going, moving, proceeding)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha, O Arjuna

• यानम् (yānam) - vehicle (vehicle, journey, path)

• अतः (ataḥ) - beyond this (point) (from this, hence, then, beyond this)

• परम् (param) - further, beyond (this point) (further, beyond, supreme, highest)

• अयःशूलादिभिः (ayaḥśūlādibhiḥ) - with iron spears and other similar weapons (with iron spears and the like)

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they strike, they attack (they strike, they kill, they hurt)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, Rākṣasas

• शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O slayer of foes

Words meanings and morphology

चापलात् (cāpalāt) - due to restlessness (from restlessness, from fickleness, due to agitation)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of cāpala

cāpala - restlessness, fickleness, agitation, swiftness

Derived from capala (restless) + aṇ suffix.

इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - going (in vehicles) (going, moving, proceeding)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

From root gam (to go) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Can be interpreted as referring to 'one who is going'.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha, O Arjuna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna (proper name)

Derived from Pṛthā (mother's name) + aṇ (patronymic).

यानम् (yānam) - vehicle (vehicle, journey, path)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yāna

yāna - going, moving, vehicle, journey, path

From root yā (to go) + lyuṭ suffix.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the mode of transport.

अतः (ataḥ) - beyond this (point) (from this, hence, then, beyond this)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to idam stem.

Note: Used with param, meaning 'beyond this'.

परम् (param) - further, beyond (this point) (further, beyond, supreme, highest)

(indeclinable)

Note: With 'ataḥ', it means 'beyond this'.

अयःशूलादिभिः (ayaḥśūlādibhiḥ) - with iron spears and other similar weapons (with iron spears and the like)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ayaḥśūlādi

ayaḥśūlādi - iron spears etc.

Compound type : dvandva (ayas+śūla+ādi)

• ayas – iron, metal
  noun (neuter)
• śūla – spear, pike, stake
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on
  indeclinable (masculine)

Note: Refers to the weapons used by the Rākṣasas.

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they strike, they attack (they strike, they kill, they hurt)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Conjugation of root han in present tense.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'rākṣasāḥ'.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, Rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rākṣasa (a class of malevolent beings)

Note: Subject of the verb 'ghnanti'.

शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O slayer of foes

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrusūdana

śatrusūdana - slayer of foes/enemies

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+sūdana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root sūd (to kill, destroy) + ana suffix.
  Root: sūd (class 10)

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