महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-156, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
युधिष्ठिरस्तमासाद्य तपसा दग्धकिल्बिषम् ।
अभ्यवादयत प्रीतः शिरसा नाम कीर्तयन् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
yudhiṣṭhirastamāsādya tapasā dagdhakilbiṣam ,
abhyavādayata prītaḥ śirasā nāma kīrtayan.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tam āsādya tapasā
dagdhakilbiṣam abhivādayata prītaḥ śirasā nāma kīrtayan

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Having reached him who was purified of impurities by asceticism (tapas), Yudhiṣṭhira joyfully greeted him with his head bowed, pronouncing his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) own name.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas), by penance

• दग्धकिल्बिषम् (dagdhakilbiṣam) - whose sins were burned, purified of impurities

• अभिवादयत (abhivādayata) - he respectfully saluted, he greeted

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, glad, joyful

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with his head

• नाम (nāma) - name

• कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - proclaiming, mentioning, reciting

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a famous sage, a pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From ā-sad

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas), by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, heat

दग्धकिल्बिषम् (dagdhakilbiṣam) - whose sins were burned, purified of impurities

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dagdhakilbiṣa

dagdhakilbiṣa - whose sins (kilbiṣa) have been burnt

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dagdha+kilbiṣa)

• dagdha – burnt, consumed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From dah
  Root: dah (class 1)
• kilbiṣa – sin, fault, impurity
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies tam (Ārṣṭiṣeṇa)

अभिवादयत (abhivādayata) - he respectfully saluted, he greeted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-vad

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, glad, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, glad, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

From prī

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Yudhiṣṭhira

शिरसा (śirasā) - with his head

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name

कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - proclaiming, mentioning, reciting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtayat

kīrtayat - proclaiming, mentioning

Present Active Participle

From kīrt (causative of kṛ)

Root: kṛt (class 10)

Note: Qualifies Yudhiṣṭhira