महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-156, verse-28

उपासीनस्य धनदं तुम्बुरोः पर्वसंधिषु ।
गीतसामस्वनस्तात श्रूयते गन्धमादने ॥२८॥

28. upāsīnasya dhanadaṁ tumburoḥ parvasaṁdhiṣu ,
gītasāmasvanastāta śrūyate gandhamādane.

28. upāsīnasya dhanadam tumburoḥ parvasandhiṣu
gītasāmasvanaḥ tāta śrūyate gandhamādane

28. O dear one, on Mount Gandhamādana, the sound of Sāma songs is heard at the mountain ridges from Tumburu, who sits attending upon Kubera (dhanada).

Words meanings summery:

• उपासीनस्य (upāsīnasya) - of one who sits in attendance (of one who is sitting near, of one who is attending)

• धनदम् (dhanadam) - Kubera (dhanada) (wealth-giver, Kubera)

• तुम्बुरोः (tumburoḥ) - of Tumburu (a Gandharva) (of Tumburu)

• पर्वसन्धिषु (parvasandhiṣu) - at the mountain ridges (in the joints of the mountains, at the mountain ridges)

• गीतसामस्वनः (gītasāmasvanaḥ) - the sound of Sāma songs

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address) (O father, O dear one)

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard (is heard, is listened to)

• गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - on Mount Gandhamādana (on Gandhamādana (mountain))

Words meanings and morphology

उपासीनस्य (upāsīnasya) - of one who sits in attendance (of one who is sitting near, of one who is attending)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upāsīna

upāsīna - sitting near, attending, serving

Present Middle Participle

From root ās (to sit) with upasarga upa (near, towards).

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Agrees with tumburoḥ.

धनदम् (dhanadam) - Kubera (dhanada) (wealth-giver, Kubera)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanada

dhanada - wealth-giver, bestower of riches, a name of Kubera

From dhana (wealth) + root dā (to give).

Compound type : upapada (dhana+da)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, giver
  adjective
  Krt suffix
  From root dā (to give) with ka suffix.
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Object of upāsīnasya.

तुम्बुरोः (tumburoḥ) - of Tumburu (a Gandharva) (of Tumburu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tumburu

tumburu - name of a Gandharva (celestial musician)

पर्वसन्धिषु (parvasandhiṣu) - at the mountain ridges (in the joints of the mountains, at the mountain ridges)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of parvasandhi

parvasandhi - mountain ridge, joint of a mountain

Tatpurusha compound. parva (joint/knot/section) + sandhi (junction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parva+sandhi)

• parva – knot, joint, section, chapter, mountain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• sandhi – junction, union, connection, sandhi
  noun (masculine)
  From sam + root dhā (to place).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

गीतसामस्वनः (gītasāmasvanaḥ) - the sound of Sāma songs

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gītasāmasvana

gītasāmasvana - sound of Sāma songs

Tatpurusha compound. gīta (sung) + sāma (Sāma Veda chant) + svana (sound).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gīta+sāma+svana)

• gīta – sung, song
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gai (to sing).
  Root: gai (class 1)
• sāman – Sāma Veda, chant, song
  noun (neuter)
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From root svan (to sound).
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Subject of śrūyate.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address) (O father, O dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard (is heard, is listened to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śrū

Present Passive

Root śru in passive voice (yak-infix). Middle ending.

Root: śru (class 5)

गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - on Mount Gandhamādana (on Gandhamādana (mountain))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gandhamādana

gandhamādana - name of a mythical mountain, intoxicating with fragrance

Bahuvrihi compound: gandha (fragrance) + mādana (intoxicating).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gandha+mādana)

• gandha – smell, fragrance, odor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gandh (class 10)
• mādana – intoxicating, exhilarating, maddening
  adjective (masculine)
  Krt suffix
  From root mad (to be intoxicated) + ana suffix.
  Root: mad (class 4)