महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-99, verse-32

तडागकृद्वृक्षरोपी इष्टयज्ञश्च यो द्विजः ।
एते स्वर्गे महीयन्ते ये चान्ये सत्यवादिनः ॥३२॥

32. taḍāgakṛdvṛkṣaropī iṣṭayajñaśca yo dvijaḥ ,
ete svarge mahīyante ye cānye satyavādinaḥ.

32. taḍāga-kṛt vṛkṣa-ropī iṣṭa-yajñaḥ ca yaḥ dvijaḥ
ete svarge mahīyante ye ca anye satya-vādinaḥ

32. yaḥ dvijaḥ taḍāga-kṛt vṛkṣa-ropī iṣṭa-yajñaḥ ca,
ete ca anye ye satya-vādinaḥ,
[te sarve] svarge mahīyante.

32. The one who constructs a pond, the one who plants trees, and the twice-born (dvija) who has performed (Vedic rituals) (yajña) – these are all honored in heaven, as are others who are truth-tellers.

Words meanings summery:

• तडाग-कृत् (taḍāga-kṛt) - pond-maker, one who constructs a pond

• वृक्ष-रोपी (vṛkṣa-ropī) - tree-planter, one who plants trees

• इष्ट-यज्ञः (iṣṭa-yajñaḥ) - one who has performed (Vedic rituals) (yajña), whose (Vedic ritual) (yajña) has been performed

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (Brahmin), a Brahmin

• एते (ete) - these (masculine plural nominative)

• स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven, in paradise

• महीयन्ते (mahīyante) - they are glorified, they are honored, they are magnified

• ये (ye) - who (masculine plural nominative)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• सत्य-वादिनः (satya-vādinaḥ) - truth-tellers, speakers of truth

Words meanings and morphology

तडाग-कृत् (taḍāga-kṛt) - pond-maker, one who constructs a pond

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of taḍāga-kṛt

taḍāga-kṛt - one who makes/constructs a pond

Compound noun, agent derived from √kṛ (to do, make).

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (taḍāga+kṛt)

• taḍāga – pond, tank, lake
  noun (masculine)
• kṛt – maker, doer, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Represents one of the agents being praised.

वृक्ष-रोपी (vṛkṣa-ropī) - tree-planter, one who plants trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa-ropin

vṛkṣa-ropin - one who plants trees

Compound noun, agent derived from √ruh (to grow) in causative ropaya- with suffix -in.

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (vṛkṣa+ropin)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• ropin – planter, causing to grow
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from causative of √ruh (to grow) + -in.
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Represents one of the agents being praised.

इष्ट-यज्ञः (iṣṭa-yajñaḥ) - one who has performed (Vedic rituals) (yajña), whose (Vedic ritual) (yajña) has been performed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of iṣṭa-yajña

iṣṭa-yajña - one who has offered (Vedic rituals) (yajña); whose (Vedic ritual) (yajña) is wished/offered

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (iṣṭa+yajña)

• iṣṭa – offered, worshipped, desired, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √yaj (to worship, offer).
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• yajña – (Vedic ritual), devotion, worship
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies dvijaḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to dvijaḥ.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (Brahmin), a Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth

Compound.

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix
  Derived from root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The referent for the phrase taḍāgakṛt vṛkṣaropī iṣṭayajñaś ca yo dvijaḥ.

एते (ete) - these (masculine plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the collective agents mentioned (pond-maker, tree-planter, Brahmin).

स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven, in paradise

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

Note: Locative of place.

महीयन्ते (mahīyante) - they are glorified, they are honored, they are magnified

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mahīyate

Denominative verb, from mahat (great) + verb-forming suffix -īya, then Ātmanepada.

Denominative verb from mahat (great), implying "to consider great" or "to be made great."

Root: mah (class 10)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

ये (ye) - who (masculine plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to anye satyavādinaḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the second group of people.

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Qualifies satyavādinaḥ.

सत्य-वादिनः (satya-vādinaḥ) - truth-tellers, speakers of truth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satya-vādin

satya-vādin - one who speaks truth, truthful

Compound. Agent noun from √vad (to speak) + -in.

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, saying, asserting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root √vad (to speak) + -in.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Refers to another category of individuals.

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