महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-99, verse-20

तिलान्ददत पानीयं दीपान्ददत जाग्रत ।
ज्ञातिभिः सह मोदध्वमेतत्प्रेतेषु दुर्लभम् ॥२०॥

20. tilāndadata pānīyaṁ dīpāndadata jāgrata ,
jñātibhiḥ saha modadhvametatpreteṣu durlabham.

20. tilān datta pānīyam dīpān datta jāgrata
jñātibhiḥ saha modadhvam etat preteṣu durlabham

20. tilān pānīyam datta dīpān datta jāgrata
jñātibhiḥ saha modadhvam etat preteṣu durlabham

20. Offer sesame seeds and water, offer lamps, and be vigilant. Rejoice with your kinsmen. These things are rare for those who have departed.

Words meanings summery:

• तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

• दत्त (datta) - give, offer

• पानीयम् (pānīyam) - water, drinkable liquid

• दीपान् (dīpān) - lamps

• दत्त (datta) - give, offer

• जाग्रत (jāgrata) - be awake, be vigilant

• ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - with kinsmen, with relatives

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• मोदध्वम् (modadhvam) - rejoice, be delighted

• एतत् (etat) - this

• प्रेतेषु (preteṣu) - among the deceased, among the departed (spirits)

• दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

Words meanings and morphology

तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tila

tila - sesame seed

दत्त (datta) - give, offer

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Imperative Active

2nd person plural, imperative mood, active voice

Root: dā (class 3)

पानीयम् (pānīyam) - water, drinkable liquid

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pānīya

pānīya - water, drinkable liquid

Gerundive

From root pā (to drink) with suffix -anīya

Root: pā (class 1)

दीपान् (dīpān) - lamps

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dīpa

dīpa - lamp, light

Root: dīp

दत्त (datta) - give, offer

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Imperative Active

2nd person plural, imperative mood, active voice

Root: dā (class 3)

जाग्रत (jāgrata) - be awake, be vigilant

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of jāgṛ

Imperative Active

2nd person plural, imperative mood, active voice

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - with kinsmen, with relatives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative

Root: jñā (class 9)

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

मोदध्वम् (modadhvam) - rejoice, be delighted

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of mud

Imperative Middle

2nd person plural, imperative mood, middle voice

Root: mud (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

प्रेतेषु (preteṣu) - among the deceased, among the departed (spirits)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of preta

preta - departed, deceased, ghost

Past Passive Participle

From root i (to go) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare

Prefix: dur

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Modifies etat