महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-99, verse-21

सर्वदानैर्गुरुतरं सर्वदानैर्विशिष्यते ।
पानीयं नरशार्दूल तस्माद्दातव्यमेव हि ॥२१॥

21. sarvadānairgurutaraṁ sarvadānairviśiṣyate ,
pānīyaṁ naraśārdūla tasmāddātavyameva hi.

21. sarvadānaiḥ gurutaram sarvadānaiḥ viśiṣyate
pānīyam naraśārdūla tasmāt dātavyam eva hi

21. naraśārdūla pānīyam sarvadānaiḥ gurutaram
sarvadānaiḥ viśiṣyate tasmāt eva hi dātavyam

21. O tiger among men, water is more significant than all other gifts and excels all offerings. Therefore, it must certainly be given.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वदानैः (sarvadānaiḥ) - by all gifts, than all gifts

• गुरुतरम् (gurutaram) - more important, heavier, more venerable

• सर्वदानैः (sarvadānaiḥ) - by all gifts, than all gifts

• विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - excels, is distinguished, is superior

• पानीयम् (pānīyam) - water

• नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, ought to be given

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वदानैः (sarvadānaiḥ) - by all gifts, than all gifts

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sarvadāna

sarvadāna - all gifts, complete offering

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+dāna)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• dāna – giving, gift, donation
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used in the sense of comparison (than all gifts)

गुरुतरम् (gurutaram) - more important, heavier, more venerable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gurutara

gurutara - heavier, more important, superior

Comparative

Comparative suffix -tara added to guru (heavy, important)

Note: Modifies pānīyam implicitly

सर्वदानैः (sarvadānaiḥ) - by all gifts, than all gifts

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sarvadāna

sarvadāna - all gifts, complete offering

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+dāna)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• dāna – giving, gift, donation
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - excels, is distinguished, is superior

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of viśiṣ

Present Passive Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

पानीयम् (pānīyam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pānīya

pānīya - water, drinkable liquid

Gerundive

From root pā (to drink) with suffix -anīya

Root: pā (class 1)

नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśārdūla

naraśārdūla - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śārdūla)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative case used adverbially

दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, ought to be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dātavya

dātavya - to be given, due to be given

Gerundive

From root dā (to give) with suffix -tavya

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Modifies pānīyam implicitly

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)