महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-75, verse-31

स नृपतिरभवत्सदैव ताभ्यः प्रयतमना ह्यभिसंस्तुवंश्च गा वै ।
नृपधुरि च न गामयुङ्क्त भूयस्तुरगवरैरगमच्च यत्र तत्र ॥३१॥

31. sa nṛpatirabhavatsadaiva tābhyaḥ; prayatamanā hyabhisaṁstuvaṁśca gā vai ,
nṛpadhuri ca na gāmayuṅkta bhūya;sturagavarairagamacca yatra tatra.

31. saḥ nṛpatiḥ abhavat sadaiva tābhyaḥ
prayatamanāḥ hi abhisaṃstuvan ca gāḥ
vai nṛpadhuri ca na gām ayuṅkta bhūyaḥ
turagavaraiḥ agamat ca yatra tatra

31. That king (nṛpati) always remained dedicated to cows, indeed constantly praising them. Moreover, he did not yoke a cow for kingly duties again, but traveled wherever he needed to go with excellent horses.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king (nṛpati) (king, lord of men)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• सदैव (sadaiva) - always, ever

• ताभ्यः (tābhyaḥ) - to them, for them

• प्रयतमनाः (prayatamanāḥ) - having a controlled mind, devoted

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• अभिसंस्तुवन् (abhisaṁstuvan) - praising, extolling

• च (ca) - and

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

• नृपधुरि (nṛpadhuri) - for kingly duties (in the king's burden/duty, in the royal yoke)

• च (ca) - and

• न (na) - not

• गाम् (gām) - a cow

• अयुङ्क्त (ayuṅkta) - yoked, employed

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, more, further, moreover

• तुरगवरैः (turagavaraiḥ) - with excellent horses

• अगमत् (agamat) - went, moved

• च (ca) - and

• यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

• तत्र (tatra) - there, to that place

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king (nṛpati) (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhavat

Imperfect form of root bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

सदैव (sadaiva) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Compound of sadā (always) + eva (only, indeed)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sadā+eva)

• sadā – always
  indeclinable
• eva – only, just, indeed
  indeclinable

Note: Adverb of time.

ताभ्यः (tābhyaḥ) - to them, for them

(pronoun)

feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to cows (gāḥ).

प्रयतमनाः (prayatamanāḥ) - having a controlled mind, devoted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayatamanas

prayatamanas - having a controlled mind, devoted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prayat+manas)

• prayat – controlled, restrained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yam (to control) with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yam (class 1)
• manas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies nṛpatiḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अभिसंस्तुवन् (abhisaṁstuvan) - praising, extolling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhisaṃstuvat

abhisaṁstuvat - praising, extolling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root stu (to praise) with prefixes abhi and sam

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: stu (class 2)

Note: Qualifies nṛpatiḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of abhisaṃstuvan.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

नृपधुरि (nṛpadhuri) - for kingly duties (in the king's burden/duty, in the royal yoke)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nṛpadhur

nṛpadhur - king's burden, royal duty, royal yoke

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+dhur)

• nṛpa – king
  noun (masculine)
• dhur – yoke, burden, duty, responsibility
  noun (feminine)

Note: Indicates the sphere of action for yoking.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

गाम् (gām) - a cow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of ayuṅkta.

अयुङ्क्त (ayuṅkta) - yoked, employed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of ayuṅkta

Imperfect form of root yuj (to yoke, join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, more, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

तुरगवरैः (turagavaraiḥ) - with excellent horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of turagavara

turagavara - excellent horse

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (turaga+vara)

• turaga – horse (lit. going quickly)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of tura (speed) and ga (going)
• vara – excellent, best, choicest
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Instrument of agamat.

अगमत् (agamat) - went, moved

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of agamat

Imperfect form of root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative with tatra.

तत्र (tatra) - there, to that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative with yatra.