महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-75, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
न गोदानात्परं किंचिद्विद्यते वसुधाधिप ।
गौर्हि न्यायागता दत्ता सद्यस्तारयते कुलम् ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
na godānātparaṁ kiṁcidvidyate vasudhādhipa ,
gaurhi nyāyāgatā dattā sadyastārayate kulam.

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca na godānāt param kiñcit vidyate vasudhādhipa
gauḥ hi nyāya āgatā dattā sadyaḥ tārayate kulam

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca vasudhādhipa godānāt param kiñcit na
vidyate hi nyāya āgatā dattā gauḥ sadyaḥ kulam tārayate

2. Bhīṣma said: "O ruler of the earth, there is nothing superior to the giving of cows (dāna). Indeed, a cow that has been righteously obtained and given immediately delivers the family."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• गोदानात् (godānāt) - from the giving of cows, than the gift of cows

• परम् (param) - superior, higher, greater, ultimate

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, something

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is

• वसुधाधिप (vasudhādhipa) - O ruler of the earth, O king

• गौः (gauḥ) - a cow

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• न्याय (nyāya) - justice, right, method, rule

• आगता (āgatā) - obtained (righteously) (come, arrived, obtained)

• दत्ता (dattā) - given, offered

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once

• तारयते (tārayate) - causes to cross, delivers, saves, liberates

• कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race, clan

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (terrible, formidable)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, third person singular, from root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गोदानात् (godānāt) - from the giving of cows, than the gift of cows

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of godāna

godāna - gift of a cow, cow-giving

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+dāna)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• dāna – giving, gift, donation
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used with 'param' (superior to).

परम् (param) - superior, higher, greater, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, next, supreme, highest

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kiñcit'.

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, something

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiñcid

kiñcid - anything, something, a little

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, third person singular, Ātmanepada, from root 'vid' (class 4)

Root: vid (class 4)

वसुधाधिप (vasudhādhipa) - O ruler of the earth, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vasudhādhipa

vasudhādhipa - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : tatpurusha (vasudhā+adhipa)

• vasudhā – the earth
  noun (feminine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

गौः (gauḥ) - a cow

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Subject of 'tārayate'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

न्याय (nyāya) - justice, right, method, rule

(noun)

masculine, singular of nyāya

nyāya - justice, right, rule, method, system of logic

Note: First part of the compound 'nyāyāgatā'.

आगता (āgatā) - obtained (righteously) (come, arrived, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'gam' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Forms part of the compound 'nyāyāgatā', modifying 'gauḥ'.

दत्ता (dattā) - given, offered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'gauḥ'.

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'tārayate'.

तारयते (tārayate) - causes to cross, delivers, saves, liberates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tṛ

Causative form (ṇic) of root 'tṛ' (to cross), present tense, third person singular, Ātmanepada

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Causative verb.

कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race, clan

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, race, lineage, noble birth

Note: Object of 'tārayate'.