महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-69, verse-9

शतं सहस्राणि शतं गवां पुनः पुनः शतान्यष्ट शतायुतानि ।
त्वया पुरा दत्तमितीह शुश्रुम नृप द्विजेभ्यः क्व नु तद्गतं तव ॥९॥

9. śataṁ sahasrāṇi śataṁ gavāṁ punaḥ; punaḥ śatānyaṣṭa śatāyutāni ,
tvayā purā dattamitīha śuśruma; nṛpa dvijebhyaḥ kva nu tadgataṁ tava.

9. śatam sahasrāṇi śatam gavām punaḥ
punaḥ śatāni aṣṭa śatāyutāni tvayā
purā dattam iti iha śuśruma nṛpa
dvijebhyaḥ kva nu tat gatam tava

9. We have heard here, O King, that you formerly gave away hundreds of thousands, hundreds of cows, and repeatedly, eight million cows to the twice-born (dvija). Where, then, have those gifts of yours gone?

Words meanings summery:

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

• शतम् (śatam) - hundreds (of cows) (a hundred)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

• शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds (of millions) (hundreds)

• अष्ट (aṣṭa) - eight

• शतायुतानि (śatāyutāni) - millions (millions (lit. hundreds of ten thousands))

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Nṛga) (by you)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, anciently, in former times)

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given away (given, granted)

• इति (iti) - thus, as such (thus, so, in this way (marks quotation))

• इह (iha) - here (in this situation/conversation) (here, in this world)

• शुश्रुम (śuśruma) - we have heard

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King (vocative) (O King, ruler)

• द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to the twice-born (dvija) (to the twice-born, to the Brahmins)

• क्व (kva) - where (where, whither)

• नु (nu) - then (indeed, now, then (interrogative or emphatic particle))

• तत् (tat) - those (gifts) (that, those)

• गतम् (gatam) - gone (to waste, disappeared) (gone, passed)

• तव (tava) - of yours (your, of yours)

Words meanings and morphology

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'sahasrāṇi'.

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

(numeral)

Note: 'śatam sahasrāṇi' = 'a hundred thousands'.

शतम् (śatam) - hundreds (of cows) (a hundred)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'gavām'.

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth

Note: Refers to the cows being given.

पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes repetition.

पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes repetition.

शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds (of millions) (hundreds)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to a large number of 'śatāyutas'.

अष्ट (aṣṭa) - eight

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'śatāyutāni'.

शतायुतानि (śatāyutāni) - millions (millions (lit. hundreds of ten thousands))

(numeral)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śata+ayuta)

• śata – a hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• ayuta – ten thousand, a myriad
  numeral (neuter)

Note: 'aṣṭa śatāyutāni' = 8 million.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Nṛga) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, anciently, in former times)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

दत्तम् (dattam) - given away (given, granted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, bestowed

Past Passive Participle

from √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the collective gifts.

इति (iti) - thus, as such (thus, so, in this way (marks quotation))

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of an implied statement.

इह (iha) - here (in this situation/conversation) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place/time.

शुश्रुम (śuśruma) - we have heard

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past perfect (Lit) of śru

Perfect Active

Perfect, 1st person plural of √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Speaker is Kṛṣṇa.

नृप (nṛpa) - O King (vocative) (O King, ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Vocative address to Nṛga.

द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to the twice-born (dvija) (to the twice-born, to the Brahmins)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), a bird, a tooth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Recipients of the gifts.

क्व (kva) - where (where, whither)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb of place.

नु (nu) - then (indeed, now, then (interrogative or emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

तत् (tat) - those (gifts) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'dattam'.

गतम् (gatam) - gone (to waste, disappeared) (gone, passed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, disappeared, obtained

Past Passive Participle

from √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative with 'tat'.

तव (tava) - of yours (your, of yours)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun.