महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-69, verse-11

गवां सहस्रे संख्याता तदा सा पशुपैर्मम ।
सा ब्राह्मणाय मे दत्ता प्रेत्यार्थमभिकाङ्क्षता ॥११॥

11. gavāṁ sahasre saṁkhyātā tadā sā paśupairmama ,
sā brāhmaṇāya me dattā pretyārthamabhikāṅkṣatā.

11. gavām sahasre saṃkhyātā tadā sā paśupaiḥ mama sā
brāhmaṇāya me dattā pretya artham abhikāṅkṣatā

11. tadā mama paśupaiḥ gavām sahasre sā saṃkhyātā sā
me brāhmaṇāya pretya artham abhikāṅkṣatā dattā

11. At that time, a thousand cows were counted by my cowherds. That cow was given by me to a Brahmin, as I desired merit for the afterlife.

Words meanings summery:

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• सहस्रे (sahasre) - in a thousand, a thousand

• संख्याता (saṁkhyātā) - counted, enumerated

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• पशुपैः (paśupaiḥ) - by cowherds, by protectors of cattle

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a Brahmin

• मे (me) - by me

• दत्ता (dattā) - given

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - having gone forth, after death, in the next world

• अर्थम् (artham) - benefit (for the afterlife) (purpose, object, meaning, wealth, benefit)

• अभिकाङ्क्षता (abhikāṅkṣatā) - by me (the narrator) desiring benefit (by one desiring, by one wishing for)

Words meanings and morphology

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

सहस्रे (sahasre) - in a thousand, a thousand

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: Used here to indicate 'a thousand (cows)', not literally 'in a thousand'. Often takes locative for 'number of'.

संख्याता (saṁkhyātā) - counted, enumerated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyāta

saṁkhyāta - counted, enumerated, reckoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root khyā with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to the cow.

पशुपैः (paśupaiḥ) - by cowherds, by protectors of cattle

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paśupa

paśupa - cowherd, herdsman, protector of cattle

Derived from paśu (cattle) and root pā (to protect).

Compound type : tatpurusha (paśu+pa)

• paśu – cattle, animal
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  Suffix from root pā- 'to protect'
  Root: pā (class 1)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Genitive singular of asmad.

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to the cow.

ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a Brahmin

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, relating to Brahmā or Brahman

Note: Recipient of the gift.

मे (me) - by me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Can be dative or genitive singular of asmad. Here used in the sense of agent for passive construction ("by me").

Note: Often used for instrumental agent in passive.

दत्ता (dattā) - given

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of datta

datta - given, presented, donated

Past Passive Participle

From root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Forms a passive construction with me.

प्रेत्य (pretya) - having gone forth, after death, in the next world

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root i (to go) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

अर्थम् (artham) - benefit (for the afterlife) (purpose, object, meaning, wealth, benefit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth, benefit, thing

Note: Often forms compounds like artham (for the sake of).

अभिकाङ्क्षता (abhikāṅkṣatā) - by me (the narrator) desiring benefit (by one desiring, by one wishing for)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhikāṅkṣat

abhikāṅkṣat - desiring, wishing for

Present Active Participle

From root kāṅkṣ (to desire) with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: The form abhikāṅkṣatā is instrumental singular, likely refers to the speaker 'me' (mama/me).