महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-69, verse-6

खमावृत्योदपानस्य कृकलासः स्थितो महान् ।
तस्य नास्ति समुद्धर्तेत्यथ कृष्णे न्यवेदयन् ॥६॥

6. khamāvṛtyodapānasya kṛkalāsaḥ sthito mahān ,
tasya nāsti samuddhartetyatha kṛṣṇe nyavedayan.

6. kham āvṛtya udapānasya kṛkalāsaḥ sthitaḥ mahān
tasya na asti samuddhartā iti atha kṛṣṇe nyavedayan

6. mahān kṛkalāsaḥ udapānasya kham āvṛtya sthitaḥ atha
kṛṣṇe tasya samuddhartā na asti iti nyavedayan

6. A great lizard was situated there, having covered the opening of the well. Then they reported to Kṛṣṇa, saying, 'There is no one who can pull it out.'

Words meanings summery:

• खम् (kham) - the opening/mouth of the well (space, ether, sky, aperture, mouth, hole)

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having surrounded, having hidden

• उदपानस्य (udapānasya) - of the well, of the tank

• कृकलासः (kṛkalāsaḥ) - chameleon, lizard, monitor lizard

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - lodged, fixed (in the well) (standing, situated, existing, firm)

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• तस्य (tasya) - for that (lizard) (of that, its, for it)

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists, there is

• समुद्धर्ता (samuddhartā) - one who can pull it out (from the well) (rescuer, one who lifts out, deliverer)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - to Lord Kṛṣṇa (dative sense) (to Kṛṣṇa, in Kṛṣṇa)

• न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported, they informed, they supplicated

Words meanings and morphology

खम् (kham) - the opening/mouth of the well (space, ether, sky, aperture, mouth, hole)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, ether, space, aperture, hole, zero

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having surrounded, having hidden

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From ā-√vṛ (to cover, surround) + lyap suffix (for absolutive with prefix)

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

उदपानस्य (udapānasya) - of the well, of the tank

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of udapāna

udapāna - well, tank for water

Compound of udaka (water) and pāna (drinking).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (udaka+pāna)

• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)
• pāna – drinking, drink
  noun (neuter)
  From √pā (to drink) + ḷyuṭ suffix
  Root: pā (class 1)

कृकलासः (kṛkalāsaḥ) - chameleon, lizard, monitor lizard

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛkalāsa

kṛkalāsa - chameleon, lizard, monitor lizard

Note: Subject of the sentence.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - lodged, fixed (in the well) (standing, situated, existing, firm)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, firm, remaining

Past Passive Participle

From √sthā (to stand) + kta suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kṛkalāsaḥ.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with kṛkalāsaḥ.

तस्य (tasya) - for that (lizard) (of that, its, for it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can imply a dative sense 'for it' in this context (there is no rescuer for it).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists, there is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

समुद्धर्ता (samuddhartā) - one who can pull it out (from the well) (rescuer, one who lifts out, deliverer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samuddhartṛ

samuddhartṛ - rescuer, one who lifts out, deliverer, saviour

Agent noun

From sam-ud-√hṛ (to lift out, rescue) + tṛc suffix

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of asti.

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - to Lord Kṛṣṇa (dative sense) (to Kṛṣṇa, in Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (name of a deity), dark, black

Note: This is locative case, but with verbs of reporting/telling, it often has the sense of a dative 'to Kṛṣṇa'.

न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported, they informed, they supplicated

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vid

Imperfect Indicative (Causative)

3rd person plural, active voice. From ni-√vid (causative - "to cause to know" i.e. "to inform, report"). Augment a- and prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: The y in nyavedayan comes from ni + avedayān.