महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-69, verse-16

कृशं च भरते या गौर्मम पुत्रमपस्तनम् ।
न सा शक्या मया हातुमित्युक्त्वा स जगाम ह ॥१६॥

16. kṛśaṁ ca bharate yā gaurmama putramapastanam ,
na sā śakyā mayā hātumityuktvā sa jagāma ha.

16. kṛśam ca bharate yā gauḥ mama putram apastanam
na sā śakyā mayā hātum iti uktvā sa jagāma ha

16. yā gauḥ mama kṛśam apastanam putram bharate,
sā mayā hātum na śakyā.
iti uktvā sa ha jagāma.

16. That cow, who sustains my frail son, deprived of his mother's milk, cannot possibly be abandoned by me. Having said this, he then departed.

Words meanings summery:

• कृशम् (kṛśam) - frail (referring to the son) (lean, emaciated, weak)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भरते (bharate) - supports, nourishes, carries

• या (yā) - which, who

• गौः (gauḥ) - cow (cow, ox, earth, ray of light)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son, child

• अपस्तनम् (apastanam) - without breast, unweaned, deprived of mother's breast

• न (na) - not, no

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• शक्या (śakyā) - capable, possible (to be done)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• हातुम् (hātum) - to abandon, to give up, to leave

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, that

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• स (sa) - he, that (masculine)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, departed

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

Words meanings and morphology

कृशम् (kṛśam) - frail (referring to the son) (lean, emaciated, weak)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛśa

kṛśa - lean, emaciated, weak, thin

Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies putram.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

भरते (bharate) - supports, nourishes, carries

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhṛ

Present indicative

Root bhṛ, Atmanepada form.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject is yā gauḥ.

या (yā) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of bharate.

गौः (gauḥ) - cow (cow, ox, earth, ray of light)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Subject of bharate.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Pronominal stem for 1st person singular.

Note: Possessive, modifies putram.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son, child

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of bharate.

अपस्तनम् (apastanam) - without breast, unweaned, deprived of mother's breast

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apastana

apastana - without breast, unweaned, deprived of mother's breast

Compound of a (privative negative) and pastana (breast).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+pastana)

• a – not, un-, without (privative prefix)
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• pastana – breast, udder
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies putram.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the possibility of abandoning the cow.

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).

शक्या (śakyā) - capable, possible (to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakya

śakya - capable, possible, able, fit to be done

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective, sā is the subject.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Pronominal stem for 1st person singular.

Note: Agent in the passive construction 'cannot be abandoned by me'.

हातुम् (hātum) - to abandon, to give up, to leave

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of hā

Infinitive

From root hā (to abandon, to go).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Used with śakyā to express possibility.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, that

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing or concluding a quotation.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Modifies the action of jagāma.

स (sa) - he, that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of jagāma.

जगाम (jagāma) - went, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect

Reduplicated past tense form.

Root: gam (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle, often a metrical filler.