महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-41, verse-5

सा तमालोक्य सहसा प्रत्युत्थातुमियेष ह ।
रूपेण विस्मिता कोऽसीत्यथ वक्तुमिहेच्छती ॥५॥

5. sā tamālokya sahasā pratyutthātumiyeṣa ha ,
rūpeṇa vismitā ko'sītyatha vaktumihecchatī.

5. sā tam ālokya sahasā pratyutthātum iyeṣa ha rūpeṇa
vismitā kaḥ asi iti atha vaktum iha icchatī

5. As she saw him, she suddenly wished to rise. Astonished by his form, she then desired to say, 'Who are you?'

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, after seeing

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

• प्रत्युत्थातुम् (pratyutthātum) - to rise up, to stand up in return

• इयेष (iyeṣa) - she wished, desired

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

• रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by the form, by the appearance

• विस्मिता (vismitā) - astonished, amazed

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• असि (asi) - you are

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• इच्छती (icchatī) - desiring, wishing (feminine)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'ālokya'.

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from ā-√lok (to see, perceive).

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

(indeclinable)

प्रत्युत्थातुम् (pratyutthātum) - to rise up, to stand up in return

(infinitive)

इयेष (iyeṣa) - she wished, desired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Perfect form of √iṣ.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by the form, by the appearance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, beauty, appearance

Note: Instrumental case, indicating the cause of being astonished.

विस्मिता (vismitā) - astonished, amazed

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, amazed, wondering, surprised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vi-√smi (to wonder, be astonished).

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular, agreeing with 'sā'.

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say

(infinitive)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

इच्छती (icchatī) - desiring, wishing (feminine)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing, wanting

Present Active Participle

Derived from √iṣ (to wish, desire), class 6, present stem iccha-.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Nominative singular, agreeing with 'sā'.