महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-41, verse-34

प्रतिनन्द्य च धर्मात्मा शिष्यं धर्मपरायणम् ।
वरेण च्छन्दयामास स तस्माद्गुरुवत्सलः ।
अनुज्ञातश्च गुरुणा चचारानुत्तमं तपः ॥३४॥

34. pratinandya ca dharmātmā śiṣyaṁ dharmaparāyaṇam ,
vareṇa cchandayāmāsa sa tasmādguruvatsalaḥ ,
anujñātaśca guruṇā cacārānuttamaṁ tapaḥ.

34. pratinandya ca dharmātmā śiṣyam
dharmaparāyaṇam vareṇa cchandayāmāsa
saḥ tasmāt guruvatsalaḥ anujñātaḥ
ca guruṇā cacāra anuttamam tapaḥ

34. dharmātmā ca dharmaparāyaṇam śiṣyam
pratinandya vareṇa cchandayāmāsa
saḥ guruvatsalaḥ tasmāt guruṇā
ca anujñātaḥ anuttamam tapaḥ cacāra

34. And the righteous-souled (dharmātmā) guru, having acknowledged his disciple who was fully dedicated to natural law (dharma), gratified him with a boon. That disciple, devoted to his guru, having received permission from the guru, then practiced unsurpassed asceticism (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिनन्द्य (pratinandya) - having welcomed, having accepted, having honored

• च (ca) - and

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - The sage (guru) (righteous-souled, virtuous, whose nature is dharma (dharmātmā))

• शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - Vipula (disciple, student)

• धर्मपरायणम् (dharmaparāyaṇam) - devoted to righteousness, intent on duty

• वरेण (vareṇa) - by a boon, with a gift

• च्छन्दयामास (cchandayāmāsa) - he pleased, he gratified, he gave a boon

• सः (saḥ) - Vipula (he, that)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from the guru (from that, from him)

• गुरुवत्सलः (guruvatsalaḥ) - Vipula (devoted to the guru, fond of the guru)

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, having received permission

• च (ca) - and

• गुरुणा (guruṇā) - by the guru

• चचार (cacāra) - he performed, he practiced, he wandered

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, supreme

• तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, penance, austerity (tapas)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिनन्द्य (pratinandya) - having welcomed, having accepted, having honored

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from `prati-nand` (to welcome, rejoice at) with the suffix `ya`.

Prefix: prati

Root: nand (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - The sage (guru) (righteous-souled, virtuous, whose nature is dharma (dharmātmā))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-souled, virtuous, whose nature is natural law (dharma)

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'whose self (ātman) is natural law (dharma)'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  From the root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `cchandayāmāsa`.

शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - Vipula (disciple, student)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student, one who is to be taught/disciplined

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From the root `śās` (to teach, instruct).

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Object of `pratinandya`.

धर्मपरायणम् (dharmaparāyaṇam) - devoted to righteousness, intent on duty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmaparāyaṇa

dharmaparāyaṇa - devoted to natural law (dharma), intent on duty or righteousness, having `dharma` as supreme goal

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+parāyaṇa)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  From the root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – chief aim, principal object, devoted to, intent on
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `śiṣyam`.

वरेण (vareṇa) - by a boon, with a gift

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, best, excellent

From the root `vṛ` (to choose, wish for).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Instrument for `cchandayāmāsa`.

च्छन्दयामास (cchandayāmāsa) - he pleased, he gratified, he gave a boon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of cchanday

Causative verb

Causative of the root `chand` (to please, wish for), formed with `ayas` suffix. Conjugated in the perfect tense (lit). The `āmāsa` is an augment for certain causatives/denominatives in the perfect tense.

Root: chand (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - Vipula (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vipula.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from the guru (from that, from him)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Indicates the source of permission.

गुरुवत्सलः (guruvatsalaḥ) - Vipula (devoted to the guru, fond of the guru)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guruvatsala

guruvatsala - devoted to the guru, fond of the guru

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+vatsala)

• guru – teacher, preceptor, heavy, important
  noun (masculine)
• vatsala – affectionate, fond, loving
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ` (Vipula).

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, having received permission

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, allowed, sanctioned, known

Past Passive Participle

From `anu-jñā` (to permit, allow, assent).

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ` (Vipula).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गुरुणा (guruṇā) - by the guru

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, important

Note: Agent of `anujñātaḥ`.

चचार (cacāra) - he performed, he practiced, he wandered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of car

Root verb

Perfect tense (lit) 3rd person singular active form of `car`.

Root: car (class 1)

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, unexcelled, supreme, excellent, best

Compound of `an` (not) + `uttama` (best).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (an+uttama)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of `ud` (up) or `ut`.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: tam

Note: Qualifies `tapaḥ`.

तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, penance, austerity (tapas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

From the root `tap` (to heat, burn, practice austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of `cacāra`.