महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-103, verse-11

ततः स परिहीणोऽभूत्सुरेन्द्रो बलिकर्मतः ।
धूपदीपोदकविधिं न यथावच्चकार ह ।
ततोऽस्य यज्ञविषयो रक्षोभिः पर्यबाध्यत ॥११॥

11. tataḥ sa parihīṇo'bhūtsurendro balikarmataḥ ,
dhūpadīpodakavidhiṁ na yathāvaccakāra ha ,
tato'sya yajñaviṣayo rakṣobhiḥ paryabādhyata.

11. tataḥ saḥ parihīṇaḥ abhūt surendraḥ
balikarmataḥ dhūpadīpodakavidhiṃ
na yathāvat cakāra ha tataḥ asya
yajñaviṣayaḥ rakṣobhiḥ paryabādhyata

11. tataḥ saḥ surendraḥ balikarmataḥ
parihīṇaḥ abhūt ha dhūpadīpodakavidhiṃ
yathāvat na cakāra tataḥ asya
yajñaviṣayaḥ rakṣobhiḥ paryabādhyata

11. Then, the king of the gods, Indra, became diminished because he did not properly perform the rituals involving incense, lamps, and water, which are part of the prescribed offerings (balikarma). Consequently, his domain of Vedic rituals (yajña) was obstructed by demons (rakṣas).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, consequently (then, thereupon, from that)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Indra) (he, that)

• परिहीणः (parihīṇaḥ) - weakened, diminished (diminished, deprived, weakened, lacking)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became (became, was)

• सुरेन्द्रः (surendraḥ) - Indra, the king of the gods (chief of gods, Indra)

• बलिकर्मतः (balikarmataḥ) - due to ritual offerings (balikarma) (from ritual offerings, due to sacrificial acts)

• धूपदीपोदकविधिं (dhūpadīpodakavidhiṁ) - the rites involving incense, lamps, and water (the ritual of incense, lamps, and water)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly (properly, duly, according to rule)

• चकार (cakāra) - performed (did, made, performed)

• ह (ha) - indeed (intensifier) (indeed, surely (particle))

• ततः (tataḥ) - consequently (then, thereupon, from that)

• अस्य (asya) - his (Indra's) (of him, of this)

• यज्ञविषयः (yajñaviṣayaḥ) - domain of Vedic rituals (yajña) (domain of Vedic ritual, subject of Vedic ritual)

• रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by demons (rakṣas) (by demons, by rākṣasas)

• पर्यबाध्यत (paryabādhyata) - was obstructed (was obstructed, was hindered, was harassed)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, consequently (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (Indra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

परिहीणः (parihīṇaḥ) - weakened, diminished (diminished, deprived, weakened, lacking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parihīṇa

parihīṇa - diminished, deprived, weakened, lacking

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'hā' (to abandon, to leave) with prefix 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: hā (class 3)

अभूत् (abhūt) - became (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist, 3rd person singular

Aorist form of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सुरेन्द्रः (surendraḥ) - Indra, the king of the gods (chief of gods, Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of surendra

surendra - chief of gods, Indra

Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+indra)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra, chief
  noun (masculine)

बलिकर्मतः (balikarmataḥ) - due to ritual offerings (balikarma) (from ritual offerings, due to sacrificial acts)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bali+karma)

• bali – offering, tribute, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, ritual
  noun (neuter)

Note: The suffix '-taḥ' indicates an ablative sense from the base compound 'balikarma'.

धूपदीपोदकविधिं (dhūpadīpodakavidhiṁ) - the rites involving incense, lamps, and water (the ritual of incense, lamps, and water)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhūpadīpodakavidhi

dhūpadīpodakavidhi - the ritual of incense, lamps, and water

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (dhūpa+dīpa+udaka+vidhi)

• dhūpa – incense
  noun (masculine)
• dīpa – lamp, light
  noun (masculine)
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)
• vidhi – rule, rite, method, injunction
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly (properly, duly, according to rule)

(indeclinable)

चकार (cakāra) - performed (did, made, performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect, 3rd person singular

Perfect tense form of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ह (ha) - indeed (intensifier) (indeed, surely (particle))

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - consequently (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (Indra's) (of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

यज्ञविषयः (yajñaviṣayaḥ) - domain of Vedic rituals (yajña) (domain of Vedic ritual, subject of Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñaviṣaya

yajñaviṣaya - domain of Vedic ritual, subject of Vedic ritual

Compound type : tatpurusha (yajña+viṣaya)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
• viṣaya – domain, sphere, object, subject
  noun (masculine)

रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by demons (rakṣas) (by demons, by rākṣasas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, evil spirit

Note: The base form 'rakṣas' is a neuter noun, but the plural instrumental 'rakṣobhiḥ' is commonly used for both genders in practice.

पर्यबाध्यत (paryabādhyata) - was obstructed (was obstructed, was hindered, was harassed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of bādh

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, passive voice

Imperfect form of √bādh with prefix 'pari', in passive voice.

Prefix: pari

Root: bādh (class 1)